Managing Your Network Environment © 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Managing Cisco IOS Devices INTRO v2.0—9-1

© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. INTRO v2.0—9-2 Outline Overview Cisco IOS File System and Devices Managing Cisco IOS Images Managing Device Configuration Files Cisco IOS copy Command Executing Adds, Moves, and Changes Using debug on Operational Cisco Devices Summary Lab Exercise 9-1: Gathering Information About Neighboring Devices and Using System Files

© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. INTRO v2.0—9-3 Cisco IOS File System and Devices

© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. INTRO v2.0—9-4 Managing Cisco IOS Images

© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. INTRO v2.0—9-5 Verify that flash memory has room for the Cisco IOS image. Verifying Memory and Deciphering Image Filenames

© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. INTRO v2.0—9-6 Back up current files prior to updating flash memory. Creating a Software Image Backup

© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. INTRO v2.0—9-7 Upgrading the Image from the Network

© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. INTRO v2.0—9-8 Device Configuration Files

© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. INTRO v2.0—9-9 Cisco IOS copy Command NVRAM Terminal TFTP server Erase start

© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. INTRO v2.0—9-10 Cisco IOS copy Command Example

© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. INTRO v2.0—9-11 copy run tftp and copy tftp run Commands

© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. INTRO v2.0—9-12 Adding New Devices to the Network 1.Determine the IP address to be used for management purposes. 2.Configure administrative access for the console, auxiliary, and vty interfaces. 3.Configure passwords for the privileged EXEC mode for the device. 4.Configure the network management access to the device. 5.Determine the IP address to assign to each interface. 6.Configure the new device with the appropriate configuration.

© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. INTRO v2.0—9-13 Moving Devices on the Network Determine what to do with the obsolete equipment. –Which devices connect to the equipment being moved? –Will the move and reconfiguration affect the security policy? –Does the device play a role that no other devices play? Review the facilities for the new location. After the move, test network connectivity.

© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. INTRO v2.0—9-14 Changing the Hardware Hardware changes Power down the equipment or use OIR. Make sure the appropriate modules are available. Read the hardware installation manual. Verify the policies of your organization. Cisco IOS software changes Does the new version support the current and future features you need? Does your platform have sufficient RAM and flash memory to support the feature set?

© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. INTRO v2.0—9-15 show and debug Commands

© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. INTRO v2.0—9-16 Considerations When Using debug Commands May generate output in a variety of formats that may not identify the problem Require high overhead, possibly disrupting network device operation Useful for obtaining information about network traffic and router status

© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. INTRO v2.0—9-17 Commands Related to debug

© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. INTRO v2.0—9-18 Summary The Cisco IOS File System feature provides a single interface to all the file systems (NVRAM, RAM, TFTP, Flash) that a router uses. As a network grows, storage of the Cisco IOS software and configuration files on a central server enables control of the number and revision level of software images and configuration files that must be maintained. Having proper backup of the current device configuration stored in a TFTP server can help reduce device downtime.

© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. INTRO v2.0—9-19 Summary (Cont.) The Cisco IOS software copy commands can be used to move configurations from one component or device to another, such as RAM, NVRAM, or a file server. Network equipment is often moved from one location to another, removed from the network, or the configuration may change. The process is referred to as adds, moves, and changes. The show and debug commands are built-in tools for troubleshooting. The show command is used to display static information, while the debug command is used to display dynamic data.