Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Tobacco Chapter 11

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Lungs and Smoking ature=relatedhttp:// ature=related uRMsc&feature=endscreenhttp:// uRMsc&feature=endscreen videos/ videos/

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Chapter 11

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 Tobacco Use All Tobacco Products Are Dangerous Nicotine is the addictive drug found in all tobacco products. Cigarette smoke contains more than 4,000 chemicals. Of these, at least 40 are carcinogens. Carcinogens are chemicals or agents that cause cancer. Chapter 11

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Short-Term Effects of Tobacco Use Nicotine has the following short-term effects: Chapter 11 Stimulates the brain reward system Increases heart rate and blood pressure Increases breathing rate Increases blood-sugar levels Stimulates the vomit reflex

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 Tobacco Use All Tobacco Products Are Dangerous Tar is a sticky, black substance in tobacco smoke. Kills the cilia. Tar contains the following carcinogens: Chapter 11 Cyanide Formaldehyde Lead Vinyl chloride Cigarette smoke also contains carbon monoxide, a toxic gas that “blocks” oxygen from getting into the bloodstream.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Long-Term Effects of Tobacco Use Emphysema: alveoli (air sacs) crystalize Bronchitis: cilia killed; Build up of mucous in bronchioles COPD: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; Combination of emphysema & bronchitis Chapter 11

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Long-Term Effects of Tobacco Use Long-term tobacco use leads to addiction. Long-term tobacco use has a number of minor effects, such as stained teeth and fingers and a pervasive smell of smoke. Chapter 11

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Long-Term Effects of Tobacco Use Mouth Smoking changes the natural chemical balance inside the mouth, leading to increased plaque, gum disease, and tooth decay. Tar in tobacco smoke stains teeth yellow. Chapter 11

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Long-Term Effects of Tobacco Use Heart Nicotine increases heart rate and blood pressure and narrows the blood vessels. It also increases the risk of hardened and clogged arteries, which can lead to a heart attack. Chapter 11

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Long-Term Effects of Tobacco Use Skin Smoking breaks down the proteins that give skin elasticity. This leads to wrinkles and premature aging of the skin. Smoking also increases a person’s chances of developing skin cancer. Chapter 11

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Long-Term Effects of Tobacco Use Immune System Chemicals in smoke reduce the activity of immune system cells. Damaging the immune system increases the chances of suffering from diseases such as cancer. Chapter 11

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Long-Term Effects of Tobacco Use Brain Smoking reduces oxygen to the brain, narrows blood vessels, and can lead to strokes. Nicotine also changes the brain in ways that lead to addiction. Chapter 11

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Long-Term Effects of Tobacco Use Lungs Cigarette smoke puts carcinogens directly into the lungs. It kills the tiny hairs that remove harmful substances from the lungs. The loss of these hairs increases the risk of bronchitis, emphysema, and lung cancer. Chapter 11

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Effects of Smoke on Nonsmokers Sidestream smoke is the smoke that escapes from the tip of a lit cigarette, cigar, or pipe. This can be as much as half of the total smoke. Mainstream smoke is the smoke that is inhaled through a tobacco product and exhaled by the user. Environmental tobacco smoke (secondhand smoke) is a combination of mainstream and sidestream smoke. Chapter 11

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 3 A Tobacco-Free Life Tips for Quitting Quitting smoking is difficult, but there are many support programs and products that can help you. Nicotine substitutes are medicines that deliver a small amount of nicotine to help you quit smoking. Chapter 11

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 3 A Tobacco-Free Life Tips for Quitting Important steps in quitting smoking include: Chapter 11 Decide you can do it Get started Change your habits Set goals Get support

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Quit Letter Topic Sentences I. I am writing this letter to inform you about the dangers of smoking, and persuade you to QUIT! I love you very much, and I’m worried about your health! II.Cigarettes contain many harmful substances including tar, carbon monoxide and an addictive drug called nicotine. Because of these substances, smoking cigarettes puts you at risk for many dangerous respiratory diseases, such as, emphysema, bronchitis, COPD, and lung cancer. III.Nicotine is the addictive chemical in cigarettes. IV.Another huge health risk is second hand smoke. V.Media portrays smoking in MANY different ways. VI.There are many laws that govern smoking in Minnesota. VII.I’ve researched some successful smoking cessation programs, and I’d like you to look into them. VIII.PLEASE, consider what I have to say, and quit smoking. I will be there for you every step of the way. I know you can do it!