Burns 1 st Degree Surface of skin Reddening of skin 2 nd Degree Partial Thickness Reddening w/blisters 3rd Degree Full Thickness Reddening, Blisters w/: Charring - Flame burn Whitening - Liquid Burn 4th Degree Includes bone

1 st Degree Surface of skin Reddening of skin

2 nd Degree Partial Thickness Reddening w/blisters

3rd Degree Full Thickness Reddening, Blisters w/: Charring - Flame burn Whitening - Liquid Burn

Treating Burns Cool the burn 3 min. cool water Prevent hypothermia Keep victim warm after burn is cooled Serious Burns 1st Degree Small children Elderly 2nd Degree > 1% 3rd Degree > Any % Any burn in a critical area Critical Areas Face Hands Feet Genitalia Treat for shock Protect from infection Cover burn Apply (non-stick) dressing

Burn Don'ts DON’T use ice DON’T apply ointments DON’T remove adhered clothing DON’T remove tissue

Wound Care The procedures are... Control bleeding Prevent secondary infection Clean wound don’t scrub Apply dressing and bandage

Rules for Dressing After 24 hours In the absence of active bleeding, remove dressing, clean, and check wound If there is active bleeding, redress over existing dressing and maintain pressure and elevation Remember D irect pressure E levation P ressure point T ourniquet

Eye Injuries If eyeball is injured patch both eyes closed If not possible leave pinhole (1/16”) for uninjured eye to see through

Eye Dressings Put hole into dressing BEFORE APPLYING TO PATIENT

Amputation Treat the wound and the associated fractures Fractures may extend up into the remaining part Keep ends of wound moist Don’t place amputated part directly in water Wrap in damp cloth Well wrung out Keep cool

Impaled Object Don’t remove the impaled object Stabilize them so that they don’t move Treat wound Treat for possible fractures

Nasal Injuries Blunt force Skull fracture Non-trauma-related conditions Blood loss can lead to shock Victims may become nauseated and vomit if they swallow blood

Treating Hypothermia SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS: BODY TEMP 95* OR LESS REDNESS OR BLUENESS NUMBNESS WITH SHIVERING TREATMENT: WARM QUICKLY REMOVE WET CLOTHES WRAP IN BLANKET PROVIDE WARM FOOD/DRINK USE CAUTION THEY MUST BE ABLE TO DRINK FOR THEMSELVES

Public Health Considerations Maintain proper hygiene Maintain proper sanitation Purify water (if necessary)

1 PART BLEACH TO 10 PARTS WATER 1 PART BLEACH TO 10 PARTS WATER Steps To Maintain Hygiene Wash hands frequently using soap and water Wear latex gloves If possible change after each patient Wear a mask and goggles Keep bandages & dressings sterile Avoid contact with body fluids

Maintaining Sanitation Control disposal of bacterial sources Place items in trash bags and place in trash cans

The End