John W. Adams A&C Green Energy

Based on known oil reserves and the worldwide consumption rate, most estimates suggest this reserve has only 50 more years of production left in it. 89% of US total energy comes from fossil fuels Fossil fuel combustion represents a global environmental problem U.S. winds could generate more electricity in 15 years than all of Saudi Arabia's oil, without being depleted The choice is: Invest in discovery of new oil reserves (e.g. off-shore, shale oil) Invest in clean coal technology (20% of the worlds supply of coal is in the US) Invest in alternative energies

EvaluationPV (Solar)HydroWind Capital CostsLargeEnormousModerate Operating CostsModerateNegligibleSmall Efficiency5 -10%80%42% PollutionWaste HeatNoneVisual Levelized Costs16 cents/kWh4 cents/kWh4.5 cents/kWh Environmental Impact LargeEnormousSmall

1888, San Angelo Aeromotor markets their windmills to pump water to irrigate crops and feed cattle. This new system opens up the South Plains of Texas and makes living in West Texas possible. Oil, cattle, cotton industries shape the new economy of Texas.

In 2006, Texas overtook California and continues to lead the nation in total installed wind capacity, shaping our state’s future economy and strengthening our importance in the global marketplace.

With advanced engineering and aerodynamic designs, today’s wind turbines are more powerful than their predecessors.

What are wind energy applications? Irrigation pumps Entire residence Street lights Electric fences Barn dances Etc.. Appliances

Industrial systemsSmall wind systems 1+ megawatts 1 mW = 1,000,000 watts Weigh over 100 tons Each blade is over 100’ 200’ tower Also $1,000,000 turbines Not more efficient, just bigger Up to 100kW 1 kW = 1,000 watts Weigh 5oo lbs to 5 tons Blades are 6’ to 30’ each Towers up to 100’ Home, ranch, farm, business Eligible for grants and rebates

Grid-TieOff-Grid

Make sure you are allowed to install a wind turbine Make sure you have sufficient wind speed Find out what your electrical usage is Find funding/grant sources for your area

Zoning Approval NIMBY HOA City County Minimum acreage Height restrictions 110% rule

Finding the wind speed? Local airport Local media Internet Trees and flags Anemometer

Electric usage is listed in kWh. This data is on every monthly statement.

Convert turbine’s output power (W) into kW (W) x (.001) = kW Convert kW into kWh How many hours in a year? (365.25) x (24) = 8,766 hrs/year How many hours in a month? 8,766 / 12 = hrs/month (730.5) x (kW) = kWh/month

Wind speed? Monthly electrical usage? Typical sizes needed 2kW – ½ of your energy 5kW – almost all energy 10kW – all, plus surplus 20kW – small biz, ranch 30kW – med. biz, ranch <100kW – large ranch, village

YearsInstall Gross Cost($17,500) 30% Tax Credit$5,250$0 Utility Savings$0$2,214$2,298$2,385$2,475$2,569$2,666$2,767$2,871$2,980$3,092$3,209$3,331$3,456$3,587$3,723 ANNUAL CASH FLOW($12,250)$2,214$2,298$2,385$2,475$2,569$2,666$2,767$2,871$2,980$3,092$3,209$3,331$3,456$3,587$3,723 Cumulative Cash Flow ($12,250)($10,036)($7,738)($5,353)($2,878)($309)$2,357$5,124$7,995$10,975$14,067$17,276$20,607$24,063$27,650$31,373

Store in batteries Off-grid or grid-interactive systems Transfer excess to utility company Grid-tie or grid-interactive systems Net metering Similar to ‘roll-over’ minutes on wireless phone plans At the discretion of the utility company Texas is one of the last states NOT mandating net metering Only through Austin Energy or Green Mountain Energy kWh buy back Not at the same rate charged TO you

Single tapered pole “Cleaner” look More expensive Urban applications Single concrete base MonopolesLattice Towers Lattice design Longer on-site construction Less expensive Rural applications Either single concrete base or separate concrete pads (one per leg) Usually taller

Taller is better At least 30’ above wind obstacles Wide open spaces Maybe a clearing by a shoreline Hill crest

30% Federal tax credits American Recovery and Re-Investment Act (Stimulus Bill 2009) <100 kW project IRS Form 5695 for individuals IRS Form 3468 for businesses Non-profit businesses can apply for 25% grant money 25% REAP grants Rural Energy for America Program <50,000 population (based on latest census) SECO – State Energy Conservation Office grants DSIRE Database of State Incentives for Renewables & Efficiency

1. Find out if there are any restrictions against installing wind turbines in your area 2. Find out your area’s wind speed 3. Find out your monthly electric usage 4. Find a good site for your wind turbine 5. Find a wind turbine that will produce what you need 6. Find any funding, tax breaks or grants to help with your project 7. Find an installer and set your project in motion 8. Relax and let Mother Nature do the rest