CVE 4070 ENG-1000 Intro to Engineering CVE-1000 Intro to Civil Engineering Construction Overview Prof. Ralph V. Locurcio, PE

Class Objectives…  Understand project delivery process  Understand the phases of engineering  Describe the construction profession Construction contracts & issues Tools of the trade – skills you need Typical jobs in construction Leadership & management

Construction Intro…  The 4 phases of engineering 1.Planning & Programming 2.Design & Engineering 3.Construction (Manufacturing) 4.Maintenance

Design Process Construction Process Programming Process Project Delivery Process…

About Construction…  It’s an extremely complex process…  Many players, many variables, many unknowns  Design is never perfect  Unlike manufacturing process…  Teams are variable; not trained on this project  Production site is crude & unprepared  Very large projects – rarely build more than one  Very large risks – owner’s first and last experience  Large penalties for error or contract failure  Money drives all aspects of the process  One chance to get it right  CM goal is to deliver a perfect product

Construction History  The oldest profession?  The master builders… architects?  Growth of Project Management  Growth of Quality Management  Construction Management Emerges

Hammurabi’s Code – 1780 B.C If a builder build a house for some one and complete it, he shall give him a fee of two shekels in money for each sar of surface If a builder build a house for some one, and does not construct it properly, and the house which he built fall in and kill its owner, then that builder shall be put to death If it kill the son of the owner the son of that builder shall be put to death If it kill a slave of the owner, then he shall pay slave for slave to the owner of the house If it ruin goods, he shall make compensation for all that has been ruined, and inasmuch as he did not construct properly this house which he built and it fell, he shall re-erect the house from his own means If a builder build a house for some one, even though he has not yet completed it; if then the walls seem toppling, the builder must make the walls solid from his own means.

Contracting – 487B.C. Contract for Rent & Repair of a House, One Year Term, Thirty-fifth year of Darius, 487 B.C. This contract is most interesting. Such business methods are not, therefore, altogether modern. In addition to the rent of the house of Shamash-iddin, son of Rimut, fifteen shekels of money in cash (shall go) to Iskhuya, son of Shaqa-Bel, son of the priest of Agish, for this year. Because of the payment he shall repair the weakness (of the house), he shall close up the crack of the wall. He shall pay a part of the money at the beginning, a part of the money at the completion. He shall pay it on the day of Bel, the day of wailing and weeping. In case the house is unfinished by Iskhuya after the first day of Tebet, Shamash-iddin shall receive four shekels of money in cash into his possession at the hands of Iskhuya. The names of three witnesses and a scribe then follow… Dated at Shibtu, the twenty-first of Kislimu, the thirty-fifth year of Darius.

Public Construction & Economy!

Construction vs. Engineering Construction Engineering 1.Mostly outdoor1. Mostly Indoor 2.Teamwork2. Individual work 3.Business skills3. Technical skills 4.Multi-skills4. Specialized skills 5.Variable locations5. Fixed location 6.Leadership6. Self-discipline 7.Total project7. One component 8.Large budget8. Small budget 9.Great risk9. Small risk 10.End product10. Partial product

Construction skills…  Skills you need in construction  Fundamentals: science, math, business  Contracting: risk, legal issues, changes  Project Controls: schedule, cost, estimates  Construction Operations: responsibility, authority, planning, documents, productivity, quality, documentation, safety, closeout  Leadership: teams, organization, motivation, success, ethics

Planning… Pyramid Construction

Construction Schedule…

Constructing concrete columns

Concrete wall section

Concrete foundation/pier

What’s involved… Engineering: 1.design the columns 2.size the rebars 3.draw the plans 4.specify the materials 5.write the contract 6.select the site 7.inspect the work 8.advise the owner Construction: 1.read the plans 2.hire the workers 3.organize the site 4.schedule the work 5.form the columns 6.install the rebars 7.purchase the materials 8.satisfy the owner

Concrete pump in action

Construction site management

Traffic & environmental impacts

Construction Process  Study the contract  Study the site, labor, materials  Plan the work What teams are needed How will they interact in time Integrate materials & logistics Diagram the flow of work Check the timing from start to finish

Class example  Plan the construction of a dog house  What needs to be considered ???

Engineering phase…

Construction phase Tape measure Hammer Square Circular saw Table sawTable saw (optional) Paintbrush Dust mask Goggles Hearing Protection 4'x8' sheet of 5/8" exterior siding 1— 8' 2x4 (to be cut into 2x2's) 1— 10' 2x4, rated for outdoor use Nails—16d for base, 8d for house, and short roofing nails if using shingles Shingles (optional) Finishing materialFinishing material (paint or nontoxic wood preservative) Tools Materials Construction Operations Cost Timing Quality Safety Labor Weather Siting Transportation

The customer’s needs!

Time Phased Budget Control

Last Month Payment This Month Request

Payment calculations…pipe Payment Method = Linear Feet of Pipe… plan, delivered, placed? Pipe cost = $150/lf = $47,250 or $60,000 or $48,750???

Hidden Costs

Change order cost estimate…  Study the plans  Organize your estimate  Determine critical dimensions  Determine critical materials & methods  Determine take off quantities  Calculate the cost of each quantity  Add overhead & profit  Negotiate with the contractor

Determine dimensions…

Foundation excavation-1… 3’ 22’ 19’ (18’10+16”+16 = 18’42”) 3’ (7’2”+6’4”+7’2”+7’16” = 27’24”) 4’ (4’ = 7’-18”-18” 29’-6’=23’

Foundation-2… Conc. 1.25’ 3’ Excav 3’

Foundation excavation-3…  Add the pieces… 3’x22’ 3’x23’ 3’x19’ 3’x4’ 3’x3’ Total = 3’ x 96’=288 SF x 3’ depth = 864 CF = 32 CY

Concrete volume…  Add the pieces… 3’x22’ 3’x23’ 3’x19’ 3’x4’ 3’x3’ Total = 3’ x 96’=288 SF x 1.25’ depth = 360 CF

Masonry walls… W1 W2 W3/W6 W4 W5 W7 W8 W9 12”CMU 8” CMU Insul Brick

Floor slab… FS-1 FS-2 FS-1=21’X19’=399 SF FS-2=7’X19’=133SF

Cost Estimate of Change…

Project Organization…

Project Organization-design

Project Organization-const opns

Jobs in construction  Contractor – owns a company  Contract specialist – interprets contract  Estimator – prepares bid  Project Manager – runs complete job  Project Engineer – approves/orders matl.  Site Engineer – plans site layout  Superintendent – manages crews  Quality control – inspects work

Construction vs. Engineering Construction Engineering 1.Mostly outdoor1. Mostly Indoor 2.Teamwork2. Individual work 3.Business skills3. Technical skills 4.Multi-skills4. Specialized skills 5.Variable locations5. Fixed location 6.Leadership6. Self-discipline 7.Total project7. One component 8.Large budget8. Small budget 9.Great risk9. Small risk 10.End product10. Partial product

The goal... happy customers!