General Issues in Scaling. What Is a Scale? The assignment...

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Presentation transcript:

General Issues in Scaling

What Is a Scale? The assignment...

What Is a Scale? The assignment......of objects... Are you willing to permit immigrants to live in your country? Are you willing to permit immigrants to live in your neighborhood? Would you let your child marry an immigrant?

What Is a Scale? The assignment......of objects......to numbers... Are you willing to permit immigrants to live in your country? Are you willing to permit immigrants to live in your neighborhood? Would you let your child marry an immigrant?

What Is a Scale? The assignment......of objects......to numbers......according to a rule... Are you willing to permit immigrants to live in your country? Are you willing to permit immigrants to live in your neighborhood? Would you let your child marry an immigrant?

What Is a Scale? The assignment......of objects......to numbers......according to a rule... Are you willing to permit immigrants to live in your country? Are you willing to permit immigrants to live in your neighborhood? Would you let your child marry an immigrant? Cumulative

Scale Versus Response Scale Results from a process Is used to collect the response for an item Scale Response Scale

Scale Versus Response Scale Scale Response Scale

Scale versus Response Scale Results from a process Scale Response Scale

Scale Versus Response Scale Results from a process. Each item on scale has a scale value. Is used to collect the response for an item. Scale Response Scale

Scale Versus Response Scale Results from a process. Each item on scale has a scale value. Is used to collect the response for an item. Item not associated with a scale value. Scale Response Scale

Scale Versus Response Scale Results from a process. Each item on scale has a scale value. Is used to collect the response for an item. Item not associated with a scale value. Refers to a set of items. Scale Response Scale

Scale Versus Response Scale Results from a process. Each item on scale has a scale value. Is used to collect the response for an item. Item not associated with a scale value. Refers to a set of items. Used for a single item. Scale Response Scale

Purposes of Scaling  Is the construct or concept a single dimensional one?  What dimensions underlie some ratings?  For assigning values to responses. Hypothesis testing Exploration Scoring

Dimensionality One-dimensional constructs

Dimensionality Height

Dimensionality Height TallerShorter

Dimensionality Height TallerShorter Thirst

Dimensionality Height TallerShorter Thirst More thirsty Less thirsty

Dimensionality One-dimensional constructs Height TallerShorter Thirst More thirsty Less thirsty Self-esteem

Dimensionality One-dimensional constructs Height TallerShorter Thirst More thirsty Less thirsty Self-esteem MoreLess

Dimensionality Two-dimensional construct

Dimensionality Academic ability Two-dimensional Construct

Dimensionality Academic ability Two-dimensional construct Verbal

Dimensionality Academic ability Two-dimensional construct BetterWorse Verbal

Dimensionality Academic ability Two-dimensional construct BetterWorse Quantitative Verbal

Dimensionality Academic ability Two-dimensional construct BetterWorse Quantitative Verbal Better Worse

Dimensionality Three-dimensional construct

Dimensionality

Dimensionality Semanticdifferential(meaning)

Dimensionality Semanticdifferential(meaning) Evaluation

Dimensionality Semanticdifferential(meaning) Evaluation UnfavorableFavorable

Dimensionality Semanticdifferential(meaning) Evaluation Potency UnfavorableFavorable

Dimensionality Semanticdifferential(meaning) Evaluation Potency UnfavorableFavorable Powerful Powerless

Dimensionality Semanticdifferential(meaning) Evaluation Potency Activity UnfavorableFavorable Powerful Powerless

Dimensionality Semanticdifferential(meaning) Evaluation Potency Activity UnfavorableFavorable Powerful Powerless Active Passive

Types of Scales l Easier to understand l Useful for understanding multidimensional l Many concepts may be one-dimensional l Reflect multiple properties simultaneously One-dimensional Multidimensional

The Major One-Dimensional Scale Types l Thurstone l Likert l Guttman