Phases of Matter and Changes of Phase Do We Get New Materials Or Do We Get The Same Things Just Re-Done?

What Are Phases of Matter? The physical forms in which a substance can existThe physical forms in which a substance can exist Solids Liquids Gases Plasma

Solids Phase of matter in which matter has a definite shape and volumePhase of matter in which matter has a definite shape and volume Molecules (small round objects) are arranged and organized in “tightly packed” order

Liquids Phase of matter in which matter takes the shape of its container and has definite volumePhase of matter in which matter takes the shape of its container and has definite volume Molecules are moving slowly; not fast enough to overcome the attractions between them

Gases Phase in which matter changes in both volume and shapePhase in which matter changes in both volume and shape Molecules move very quickly and are able to break apart from one another

Plasma Phase of matter that does not have a definite shape or volume and whose particles have broken apartPhase of matter that does not have a definite shape or volume and whose particles have broken apart Can be found in lightning, fire, and the Aurora Borealis

Why Do Different Phases Exist? Behavior of MoleculesBehavior of Molecules …but they are always in motion, constantly bumping into one another

So How Do We Classify Them? How fast the molecules move!!!How fast the molecules move!!! SolidsLiquidsGasesPlasmas Molecules move slow and vibrate in place Move faster than solids and overcome some attraction Move fast and overcome all of attraction Move incredibly fast but break apart

5 Major Changes of State FreezingFreezing MeltingMelting BoilingBoiling EvaporationEvaporation SublimationSublimation

Freezing Freezing: The change of state from liquid to solidFreezing: The change of state from liquid to solid As liquids cool their particles begin to slow, bringing them closer together forming crystals

Melting Melting: The change of state from solid to liquid As a substance absorbs heat energy the objects particles begin to heat up and move faster and farther away from one another

Boiling Boiling: process that occurs when vaporization takes place inside a liquid as well as on the surfaceBoiling: process that occurs when vaporization takes place inside a liquid as well as on the surface Dependant on how strongly the particles in an object are held together

Evaporation Evaporation: occurs when a liquid acquires enough energy to become a gas only on the surface of the liquidEvaporation: occurs when a liquid acquires enough energy to become a gas only on the surface of the liquid

Condensation Condensation: Occurs when a gas loses enough thermal energy to become a liquidCondensation: Occurs when a gas loses enough thermal energy to become a liquid Particles in a gas lose energy and begin to move slower, coming closer together

Sublimation Sublimation: occurs when the surface particles of a solid gain enough energy to become a gas

What happens when things melt, boil, etc. ? During a phase change, Thermal Energy is either absorbed or releasedDuring a phase change, Thermal Energy is either absorbed or released Solid to Liquid Liquid to Gas Gas to Liquid Liquid to Solid

What happens to substances when they are heated or cooled? When objects are heated...theyWhen objects are heated...they When objects are cooled...theyWhen objects are cooled...they ***Water is the only exception...it actually expands as it cools

Change of State Graph What changes occur as you slowly heat a beaker of ice from – 10 to 110 degrees Celsius?