Scientific Method Step 4b (pg. 21) : Write a Procedure (or Method) PROCEDURE: - This is a carefully written step-by-step set of guidelines that one would follow in order to complete a task to test the hypothesis.

Make sure that you include the following: a. Give a detailed explanation of how you will conduct the experiment to test your hypothesis. b.Ensure that the variables are included (i.e. How is the IV changed? How is the DV measured? How are the CVs kept constant? Include the I, U, T from your fishbone organizer.) c.Include the number of trials to be conducted. Part A: 1. Plan first (pg. 21): An example is to use the comic strip method for planning.

In the following experiment, the problem is, “What factors affect the boiling point of water?” This student suggested that the initial temperature of the water will affect how fast the water will boil. Here is a possible plan that the student might design. Take 3 beakers of the same size. Fill one beaker with cold water, one beaker with room temperature water and one beaker with warm water. Place each beaker on a hot plate and time how long it takes for the water to boil. Repeat each step 3 times.

2. When conducting your experiment, make a note of any changes, additions and corrections (italicized). Take ml beakers. Label one beaker “ cold ”, one beaker “ room temperature ” and the third beaker “ warm ”. Fill one beaker with 200 mL cold water, one beaker with 200 mL room temperature water and one beaker 200 mL with warm water. Record the temperature, in °C, of each sample with a thermometer. Place each beaker on a hot plate (set at level 3) and time (in minutes, using a stop watch) how long it takes for the water to boil. Repeat each step 3 times.

Part B: 3. After the experiment, write your procedure using these general guidelines: (fill in pg. 22) As it was actually done, with specific details using complete sentences. In the past tense. No personal pronouns (I, we, me, our) Numbered. Now write out a numbered “good copy” of the student’s procedure. Remember to use the general guidelines given above. You do not have to fill all the boxes.

Scientific Method Step 5: Data and Observations Quantitative information - Observations based on measurements or counting Qualitative information - An observation that is determined using your senses Note: Your results must include BOTH qualitative and quantitative information unless you are told otherwise (see pg. 23 for examples of each and some practice in identifying them) Checklist for GOOD observations: -Have you used science terminology? -Have you used all the appropriate senses to describe your data? -Do all your quantitative observations have units?

The Observation Table Observations are frequently organized in an Observation Table. A typical table will have the following structure (see pg. 24) : The row headings are your IV The recorded data is your DV And trials are listed across the top

Observations There were lots of bubbles and the solution turned green. (QL) Example of a good observation table: (QT) Water Temperature (ºC) Time to “blast off” (s) Average time (s) Trial 1Trial 2 Trial Sample Calculation: = 7.43 s 3 Complete Questions: Complete #1-3 on page 24.