DEANNA DAILEY DR. CHAN’S HUMAN PHYS G BLOCK Why do some allergens effect different people in different ways?

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Presentation transcript:

DEANNA DAILEY DR. CHAN’S HUMAN PHYS G BLOCK Why do some allergens effect different people in different ways?

What is an allergic reaction? An allergic response is when an antibody binds to and antigen and irritation occurs. Types of reactions:  Rash or hives  Swelling: epically of the lips, tongue, throat, face  Dizziness  Nausea/ diarrhea  Anaphylaxis ctype=2&docid=8700

Steps to an allergic reaction 1. The antigen enters the body 2. MHC binds to the pathogen  These bind to the pathogens as identifiers for the T-cell 3. T-cells trigger B-cells to produce IgE antibodies 4. These antibodies target the specific allergen 5. This releases histamine to battle the allergen causing a reaction. Depending on how sensitized, the genes of the person, or how much histamine is released, the person can have a mild or major reaction. obili/biocourse/allergies.ht ml

THERE ARE THREE MAJOR REASONS WHY: EXPOSURE GENETICS SOCIOECONOMIC BACKGROUND Why does allergens effect people differently?

1. Exposure Sometimes an environmental event (smoking, infections, exercises, psychosocial alterations) can trigger a susceptible person to start having allergies. The more you are exposed to an antigen, the worse the symptoms can be.  This is why reactions towards: ivy, latex, exc… get worse over time There are more specific antibodies present after many exposures.  Faster combat rate of the histamine http// /ing_print.htm

2. Genetics Major Histocompatability Complex (MHC)  These bind to the pathogens as identifiers for the T-cell  This binding cause activation of the B-cells  The genes that code for the MHC are numerous and located on different chromosomes.  There are also many different variations of the multiple genes.  Just because you are disposed to it, does not mean that you will have the allergy. media/ch43/

3. Socioeconomic Background Higher socioeconomic background:  Better quality environment.  Access to medical help. Lower socioeconomic background:  Did dirtier work.  Lived in poorer environmental conditions. Immunity towards allergens was a defense mechanism  Survival of the fittest. Variation in Total and Specific IgE: Effects of Ethnicity and Socioeconomic Status

Works Cited Celedon, J. C. "Variation in Total and Specific IgE: Effects of Ethnicity and Socioeconomic Status." PubMed.gov (2005): n. pag. Web. 15 Jan "Allergic Reactions: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia." U.S National Library of Medicine. Ed. Stuart I. Henochowicz, David Zieve, and Isla Ogilvie. U.S. National Library of Medicine, 10 May Web. 23 Jan Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America. "IGE'S ROLE IN ALLERGIC ASTHMA." Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America. Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America, Web. 25 Jan Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America. "Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America - Information About Asthma, Allergies, Food Allergies and More!" WHAT CAUSES ALLERGIES. Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America, Web. 25 Jan Janeway, Charles A., and Jr. "The Major Histocompatibility Complex and Its Functions." Immunobiology: The Immune System in Health and Disease. 5th Edition. U.S. National Library of Medicine, Web. 26 Jan