1 Analog Reconversion History CPTWG’s Data Hiding SubGroup (DHSG) CPTWG’s

2 DHSG - Introduction n Call for Proposals – July 1, 1997 n Responses – September 3, 1997 n Interim Report – May 26, 1998 n Call for Proposals – July 1, 1997 n Responses – September 3, 1997 n Interim Report – May 26, 1998

3 Call for Proposals – Purpose n Mark video content to identify marked material and prevent unauthorized recording/playback n Prevent casual copying by consumers n Mark video content to identify marked material and prevent unauthorized recording/playback n Prevent casual copying by consumers

4 Call for Proposals - Goals n Allow content providers to mark all copyrighted digital video material n Future digital recorders/players would respond appropriately: u refuse to record/play improper material n Allow content providers to mark all copyrighted digital video material n Future digital recorders/players would respond appropriately: u refuse to record/play improper material

5 Call for Proposals – Trade-offs n Recognize complex task – trade-offs between robustness, visibility, detectability, number of bits, speed of detection, etc. n DHSG particularly concerned about robustness/cost trade-off (including implementation) n Recognize complex task – trade-offs between robustness, visibility, detectability, number of bits, speed of detection, etc. n DHSG particularly concerned about robustness/cost trade-off (including implementation)

6 The Data Hiding “System” n Copy Protection States: u One-copy u No-more-copy u Never-copy n One-copy Subject to Compression, Decompression, and a Copy Made n Delivery via Disc, Tape, Cable, etc. n Copy Protection States: u One-copy u No-more-copy u Never-copy n One-copy Subject to Compression, Decompression, and a Copy Made n Delivery via Disc, Tape, Cable, etc.

7 The Data Hiding “System” - Continued n Essential Requirements: “ideally achieved … in the drive” n Detection in the MPEG Stream n Record Control: Prevent a Casual Consumer From Copying “Never-Copy” and “No-More-Copy” Material Onto a Recorder n Essential Requirements: “ideally achieved … in the drive” n Detection in the MPEG Stream n Record Control: Prevent a Casual Consumer From Copying “Never-Copy” and “No-More-Copy” Material Onto a Recorder

8 Essential Requirements n Transparency n Low Cost Digital Detection n Digital Detection Domain n Generational Copy Control for One Copy n Low False Positive n Reliable Detection n Transparency n Low Cost Digital Detection n Digital Detection Domain n Generational Copy Control for One Copy n Low False Positive n Reliable Detection

9 Essential Requirements – Continued n Watermark Survive Normal Video Processing in Consumer Use n License - Reasonable Terms n Technical Maturity n Data Payload n Minimum Impact on Content Preparation n Data Rate n Watermark Survive Normal Video Processing in Consumer Use n License - Reasonable Terms n Technical Maturity n Data Payload n Minimum Impact on Content Preparation n Data Rate

10 Evaluation Methodology n Three Phase Approach u Preliminary paper analysis u Visual, functional, and technical maturity demonstration u More detailed analysis n Results Reported to CPTWG With or Without Specific Recommendations n Three Phase Approach u Preliminary paper analysis u Visual, functional, and technical maturity demonstration u More detailed analysis n Results Reported to CPTWG With or Without Specific Recommendations

11 Interim Report n Received 11 Proposals n Significant Differences in Addressing 13 Essential Requirements: Generational Control Most Difficult n Needed to Revisit Visibility and False Positive Assumptions n Certain Points Need NDA’s, e.g., Gate Count and Licenses n Learned from Exercise n [Interim Report on the ARDG Web Site] n Received 11 Proposals n Significant Differences in Addressing 13 Essential Requirements: Generational Control Most Difficult n Needed to Revisit Visibility and False Positive Assumptions n Certain Points Need NDA’s, e.g., Gate Count and Licenses n Learned from Exercise n [Interim Report on the ARDG Web Site]

12 Interim Evaluation n Transparency n Digital Detection Cost n Digital Detection Domain n Generational Copy Control for One Copy n False Positive n Reliable Detection n Transparency n Digital Detection Cost n Digital Detection Domain n Generational Copy Control for One Copy n False Positive n Reliable Detection

13 Interim Evaluation – Continued n Watermark Survival n Licensable Terms n Technical Maturity n Data Payload n Impact on Content Preparation n Data Rate n No Disclosure of Technical Approach n Watermark Survival n Licensable Terms n Technical Maturity n Data Payload n Impact on Content Preparation n Data Rate n No Disclosure of Technical Approach

14 “Phase III” n WaRP (Watermark Review Panel) n Formed After DHSG Phase II Report (December 1998) n Provided Advice to the Advisory Board to DVD CCA n WaRP (Watermark Review Panel) n Formed After DHSG Phase II Report (December 1998) n Provided Advice to the Advisory Board to DVD CCA