Multimedia Programming 08: Point Processing 4 Departments of Digital Contents Sang Il Park.

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Multimedia Programming 08: Point Processing 4 Departments of Digital Contents Sang Il Park

Image Processing 1-2 Neighborhood Processing (Filtering) Alexei Efros

Cross-correlation filtering ( 상호 - 상관 필터 ) 평균은 모든 점들마다 1/(2k+1) 2 의 값을 곱하는 것. 만약 점들마다 서로 다른 값을 곱한다면 ? 위와 같은 식을 상호상관 연산이라고 하며 다음과 같이 줄여 쓴다. H ( 각 점의 가중치 ) 를 “filter,” “kernel,” 또는 “mask” 라고 부른다.

Median filtering ( 중간값 필터 ) 윈도우 내에서 중간값을 선택하는 것을 중간값 필터라고 한다 Median( 중간값 ) 값을 크기순으로 올림차순으로 나열

Blurring Function in OpenCV Type: –CV_BLUR : Mean Filtering –CV_GAUSSIAN : Gaussian Filtering –CV_MEDIAN : Median Filter Size: 3, 5, 7, …, 2k+1 cvSmooth(IplImage * src, IplImage * dst, int type, int size)

Unsharp Masking ( 언샵 필터링 ) 블러링 (smoothing) 이 지워버리는 정보는 무엇일까 ? = + blurreddifferenceoriginal - = blurreddifference 블러된 이미지에 사라진 정보를 더하면 원본을 얻을 수 있다.

Unsharp Masking ( 언샵 필터링 ) 사라진 정보를 강조하여 표현한다면 ? = +  blurreddifferenceoriginal alpha 값을 조절하면 이미지의 날카로움을 조절 할 수 있다  이를 Unsharp 필터라고 한다.

Unsharp Masking ( 언샵 필터링 ) Example: Source imageAlpha = 0

Unsharp Masking ( 언샵 필터링 ) Example: Source imageAlpha = 0.5

Unsharp Masking ( 언샵 필터링 ) Example: Source imageAlpha = 1

Unsharp Masking ( 언샵 필터링 ) Example: Source imageAlpha = 2

Unsharp Masking ( 언샵 필터링 ) Example: Source imageAlpha = 2Alpha = 4

Color VS. Gray Gray image 가 지워버리는 정보는 무엇일까 ? Gray 이미지에 사라진 정보를 더하면 원본을 얻을 수 있다. - = originalGraydifference = + Gray differenceoriginal

Unsharp Masking ( 언샵 필터링 ) 사라진 정보를 강조하여 표현한다면 ? = +  GraydifferenceNew image alpha 값을 조절하면 이미지의 채도를 조절할 수 있다

Smart Blurring?

Image Processing 1-3 Histogram Equalization Alexei Efros

Image Histogram Histogram: –Counting the number of pixels with the same brightness imagehistogram

Image Histogram Histogram: –Counting the number of pixels with the same brightness

Image Histogram Example

Image Histogram Two images

Modify the image to have a well-distributed histogram Histogram Equalization

Cumulative Histogram Number of the pixels below the brightness imagehistogramCumulative histogram

Cumulative histogram Cumulative Histograms Why is it so important?

Why is it so important? Let’s focus on the first image input o u t p u t

Why is it so important? Using Cumulative histogram as a function input output input output

Histogram Equalization

Coding Practice Make your own code for histogram equalization For each color channel (R, G, B) –1. Compute the histogram –2. Compute the cumulative histogram –3. Set the maximum value as 255 –4. Using the cumulative histogram as a mapping function

Recovering the colorful underwater world!