HISTORY OF JOURNALISM IN INDIA

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Presentation transcript:

HISTORY OF JOURNALISM IN INDIA

INDIAN NEWSPAPERS UNDER BRITISH ADMINISTRATION “Bengal Gazette” first News Paper published in India in 1780 by James Hicky. Within 6 yrs reached 200 copies circulation. 4 more weeklies were launched in Bengal(Kolkata). Many Newspapers/Weeklies under East India Administration followed by, and are as Follows; 1782 – Madras Couriers. 1791 – Bombay Herald. 1792 – Bombay Couriers(English & Gujrati). 1799 – Regulation Passed by East India Administration.

HISTORY OF INDIAN NEWS PAPERS UNDER INDIAN ADMINISTRATION First Newspaper published under Indian Administration in 1817. Named “Bengal Gazette” and Published by Gangadhar Bhattacharjee which Advocated Reforms of Raja Ram Mohan Roy. Raja Ram Mohan Roy also Published some Magazines and are as Follows; Persian Language Magazine - Mirat-ul-Ukhbar. Brahmanical Magazine. English periodical to counteract religious propaganda of the Christian missionaries. Contd…

1822 - Chandrika Samchar was started in Bengal, Same time Bombay Samachar was started by Ferdunji Marzban. 1826 - The first Hindi newspaper Oodunt Martand was published in 1826 from Bengal. Jami Jahan Numa was also Publish Same time. 1832 - Bal Shastri Jambhekar launched at Anglo-Marathi newspaper from Pune. 1830-1857 Time of Short Lived Newspaper in Bengali,Gujrati,Marathi,Urdu,Persian. Contd…

1857 – Year of Upliftment of Indian Journalism. 1857 brought out the divide between Indian owned and British owned newspapers. The government passed the Vernacular Press Act in 1876. After 1857, the pioneering efforts in newspapers shifted from Bengal to Mumbai. 1861 - first issue of Times of India comes into existence by Mr. Knight. 1875 – Indian Statesman( later, Statesman) was Launched in Bengal. Same time Amrita Bazaar Patrika got Established and converted itself to English Newspaper. Contd…

Amrita Bazaar Patrika inspired freedom fighter Lokmanya Tilak to start Kesari in Pune. He used mass communication as a powerful political weapon. 1905 - the English and vernacular press had become pretty professional. Social Reforms and Political Leaders had started Contributing to it. Some prominent writers of the time were ; C Y Chintamani, G A Natesan, N C Kelkar, Phirozshah Mehta and, Benjamin Horniman. Contd…

Indian News were supplied by Correspondents and through Press Releases Indian News were supplied by Correspondents and through Press Releases. International News by Reuters(International News Agency) 1920 – 1930s Newspapers in this period started reflecting popular political opinion. English dailies were loyal to the British government, the vernacular press was strongly nationalist. The Leader and Bombay Chronicle were pro-Congress. The Servant of India and The Bombay Chronicle were moderate. The Bande Mataram of Aurbindo Ghosh, Kal of Poona and Sakli of Surat were fiercely nationalist. Contd…

The Home Rule Party started Young India, which later became Mahatma Gandhiji’s mouthpiece. As more and more Indians started learning English, many became reporters, editors and even owners. The Anglo-Indian press began to lose ground except in Bombay and Calcutta. 1927 - Industrialist G D Birla took over Hindustan Times. In the same year, S Sadanand started the Free Press Journal, a newspaper for the poor and the middle-class in Mumbai.