Chapter 6 Review System Software: Operating Systems and Utilities

Pick A Number

Application Software The type of programs enable a user to perform his or job.

Operating System Main collection of programs that manage and control a computer’s activities.

GUI An environment in which users issue commands by selection icons, buttons, and other images.

Command-line-interface An environment in which users issue commands by typing them on the keyboard.

Kernel Parts of the operating system loaded into memory during boot up.

Utility Programs Program that links a peripheral device to the operating system.

USB Type of device that can be attached while the computer is running.

File Management The process of organizing and keeping track of files.

Folder Used to organize the files on a disk or hard drive hierarchically.

Path The route to a file on disk.

Multitasking Running two or more programs at the same time by one CPU.

Multiprocessing Simultaneous processing with two or more processors in one computer.

Time-sharing Processing in which each task is processed in turn in a fixed-time slot.

Swap file An area of disk used to temporarily store segments of the application on disk when there is not enough memory to hold all programs needed.

Spooling Putting output or input in a special area in memory or on a disk where a device can access them when it is ready.

DOS Disk operating system.

Windows NT An operating system designed for networks.

Windows ME An operating system designed for personal computers.

Linux An open-source operating system.

Defragment Reorganize files into contiguous segments.

doc The Microsoft word file extension.

bmp A file extension for graphics.

exe A file extension for programs.

mpg A file extension for video files.

pdf A file extension for a type of document.

zip A file extension for compressed files.

wav A file extension for audio files.

Interleaved processing Techniques that increase system efficiency.

Multiprogramming Multitasking with a multiuser operating system.

Multithreading A type of operating system with the ability to process multiple sequences of instructions within a program at one time.

Thread A sequence of instructions within a program.

Coprocessing Utilizes special-purpose processors to assist the CPU with specialized chores.

Parallel processing Involves using two or more CPUs in a computer system to work more efficiently.

Virtual Memory Allows the use of more RAM than is physically installed in the PC.

Paging Continues until a program in virtual memory finishes executing.

False TRUE OR FALSE: One of the key pieces of applications software is the operating system.

False TRUE OR FALSE: A computer cannot function without application software.

e. Windows 3.1 Which of the following is technically not an operating system? a. Windows XP b. NetWare c. Windows ME d. MS-DOS e. Windows 3.1

a. buffers Many operating systems use ____ to temporarily store data that are to be output. a. buffers b. virtual pages c. special areas of ROM d. registers e. partitions

a. remove a program from a computer An uninstall utility can be used to: a. remove a program from a computer. b. reformat a diskette. c. rearrange files to place them in contiguous clusters. d. (It can be used for all of the above.) e. (It does none of the above.)

c. graphical user interface. An operating system that allows a user to give commands by clicking on icons, buttons, or other objects is described as having a: a. command line interface. b. mouse driven controller. c. graphical user interface. d. click oriented environment. e. (None of the above.)

d. multiprocessing. The type of processing in which a computer system uses several CPUs to perform work simultaneously is called: a. multithreading. b. multitasking. c. multiuser. d. multiprocessing. e. multiprogramming.

c. diagnostic Repairing damaged files would be performed by a(n) ____ program. a. defragmentation b. directory decompression c. diagnostic d. reinstallation e. encryption

a. creating a spreadsheet Which of the following tasks would be performed by application software? a. creating a spreadsheet b. defragmenting a disk c. finding and diagnosing disk errors d. managing your program files e. translating commands into a form understood by the computer

d. multitasking. The ability of an operating system to allow one user to run two or more programs at the same time on one computer is called: a. spooling. b. program swapping. c. time-sharing. d. multitasking. e. virtual memory.