Poetry-English I V. Rea

Speaker Audience Voice that speaks to us (not necessarily the author) Person(s) reading or listening to the poem

Forms 3. Lyric Poetry- expresses a speaker’s emotions or thoughts (does NOT tell a story) 4. Free Verse- no set meter or rhyme scheme

Forms 5. Haiku- 3 line poem, with 5, 7 and 5 syllables 6. Sonnet- 14 line lyric poem

Forms 8. Ballad- song that tells a story 7. Catalog Poem- presents a list of many different images Spring Snow melting Air warming Trees coming to life Flowers budding Birds singing Baseball season starting Everything turning green My favorite time of year 8. Ballad- song that tells a story

9. Imagery- a set of mental pictures or images created through language; writers create imagery by appealing to the senses "The Red Wheelbarrow": so much depends upon the red wheel barrow glazed with rain water beside the white chickens

Messy Room by Shel Silverstein Whosever room this is should be ashamed! His underwear is hanging on the lamp. His raincoat is there in the overstuffed chair, And the chair is becoming quite mucky and damp. His workbook is wedged in the window, His sweater's been thrown on the floor. His scarf and one ski are beneath the TV, And his pants have been carelessly hung on the door. His books are all jammed in the closet, His vest has been left in the hall. A lizard named Ed is asleep in his bed, And his smelly old sock has been stuck to the wall. Whosever room this is should be ashamed! Donald or Robert or Willie or-- Huh? You say it's mine? Oh, dear, I knew it looked familiar!

Types of Imagery 10. Visual-sight 11. Auditory- hearing 12. Tactile-touch (softness, hot, sticky, etc.) 13. Gustatory-taste 14. Olfactory- smell 15. Kinesthetic- movement, physical tension 16. Organic-internal sensation, hunger, thirst, fatigue, nausea (*Leave out kinetic)

Figurative Language Not to be taken literally. Ex. I’m so hungry I could eat a horse. (Idiom)

Types of Figurative Language 17. Simile - Using “like,” “as,” “than,” or “resembles” to compare 2 unlike things (You shine brighter than the stars.) 18. Metaphor-comparison of 2 unlike things when one thing is said to be another. 19. Direct Metaphor- directly compares 2 things by using a verb such as “is” 20. Implied Metaphor- implies or suggests a comparsion rather than stating it directly. (Starfish poem “thousands of baby stars”-implies that she is comparing the starfish to actual stars but she doesn’t say they are stars.)

Types of Figurative Language 21. Personification-giving human qualities to non-human things. (the stars lie back) 22. Allusion- historical or literary reference (Martin Luther King Jr. alluded to the Gettysburg Address in starting his "I Have a Dream" speech by saying 'Five score years ago..."; 23. Symbol-something that represents or stands for something else (flag symbolizes America and freedom, etc.)

Sound Devices-Rhyme 24. Rhyme- words that sound alike 25. End Rhyme- rhymes that occur at the end of lines of poetry 26.Rhyme Scheme- regular pattern of end rhymes

Sound Devices-Rhyme 27. Internal Rhyme- at least one of the rhyming words comes in the line of poetry The man of snow is, nonetheless, content Having no wish to go inside and die. Still, he is moved to see the youngster cry. 28. Approximate Rhyme (half, near, slant) –repeat some sounds but are not exact echoes (morn and moon)

Sound Devices-Rhythm 29. Rhythm- “the beat” / musical quality of poetry 30. Meter-regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in a line of poetry

Sound Devices 31. Onomatopoeia- words that sound like what they mean “hiss” “buzz”, etc. 32. Alliteration-repetition of initial (beginning) consonant sounds (Flo flew to Florida.) 33. Assonance-repetition of vowel sounds (Fleet feet sweep by sleeping geeks.) 34. Repetition- repeating words, sounds, or phrases for effect