NOAA ESRL PSD Briefing March 2013 Surface Processes and Coupled Modeling Light Winds to Hurricanes Poles to Tropics Momentum, Heat, Moisture, Trace Gases,

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Presentation transcript:

NOAA ESRL PSD Briefing March 2013 Surface Processes and Coupled Modeling Light Winds to Hurricanes Poles to Tropics Momentum, Heat, Moisture, Trace Gases, Aerosol Particles, Radiation, Precipitation Christopher W. Fairall 1, Jim Wilczak 1, Jian-Wen Bao 1, Andrey A. Grachev 1, 2, Jeff Hare 1, 2, Ludovic Bariteau 1, 2, Ola Persson 1, 2 1 NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory/Physical Science Division, Boulder, Colorado, USA 2 Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA April 1, 2013 PageNOAA Earth System Research Laboratory- Boulder, Colorado1

Building Blocks Direct measurements Surface flux parameterizations Boundary Layers Turbulent transport Microphysics Coupled models Hurricane Sea-ice MJO April 1, 2013 PageNOAA Earth System Research Laboratory- Boulder, Colorado2

BACKSTORY 1996 Release COARE2.5 bulk flux algorithm 2002 Chris Bretherton evaluating coupled climate model asks ‘Which one of these flux maps is right?” 2003 WCRP Working Group on Surface Fluxes (CWF chair) 2005 WHOI global flux product 2011 COAREG3.1 CO2, DMS, 3 He, CO, O 3, SF 6 and 73 other gases 2013 GOV/WGNE Coupled Prediction Workshop, NCEP:’So where can we get these flux data?’ April 1, 2013 PageNOAA Earth System Research Laboratory- Boulder, Colorado3

APPROACH Direct data used principally to develop parameterizations, improve the observing system, and ‘verify’ model results Direct Flux Observations Tech Development, Near- surface, Boundary-Layer Observations Fundamental Physics Navier-Stokes, Turbulent Kinetic Energy budget equations, scalar conservation Flux Parameterization Similarity scaling, cloud-radiative coupling, deposition velocities Research Numerical Models 1-D Closure, Large Eddy Simulation, Mesoscale, Cloud Resolving, Regional Ocean Flux Observing System Research Vessels (SAMOS), Ship Opportunity (COADS), Flux Reference Buoys (OceanSites), Satellites (SEAFLUX ) NOAA Models Operational Numerical Weather Prediction Climate Models April 1, 2013 PageNOAA Earth System Research Laboratory- Boulder, Colorado4

TECHNOLOGY EXAMPLE: Motion-Corrected Eddy- Covariance Turbulence Measurements from Ships April 1, 2013 PageNOAA Earth System Research Laboratory- Boulder, Colorado5

Surface Turbulent Flux Parameterizations Turbulent Fluxes: Bulk Parameterization Flux= Mean correlation of turbulent variables, MetFlux – Dominated by atmospheric turbulent transfer physics GasFlux – Dominated by oceanic molecular transfer physics; Enhanced by whitecap bubbles Transfer coefficients computed from direct flux measurements April 1, 2013 PageNOAA Earth System Research Laboratory- Boulder, Colorado6

NOAA COARE AIR SEA TURBULENT FLUX MODEL 1996 Bulk Meteorological fluxes Update 2003 (7200 covariance obs*) Oceanic cool skin Ocean diurnal warm layer 2000 CO 2 [U. Conn and Columbia U] 2003 Hurricane Sea Spray 2004 DMS [U. Hawaii] 2005 Snow/Ice [US Army CRREL] 2006 Ozone [U. Colorado] 2008 PCBs and PCEs [Mich. Tech. U] 2009 Hurricanes [UNSW Australia] Trace gases 2011 COAREG3.1 CO2, DMS, 3 He, CO, O 3, SF 6 PSD cruises Pacific Ocean *Complete flux data time series publically available under ‘Data Sets’ at April 1, 2013 PageNOAA Earth System Research Laboratory- Boulder, Colorado7 Close to 2000 literature citations

Drag Coefficient at High Wind Speed April 1, 2013 PageNOAA Earth System Research Laboratory- Boulder, Colorado8

Programatic View CPO SEARCH Arctic Observatories (T.Uttal) k$1000 Ocean ObsFlux observing system 300 Air-SeaEPIC, NAME, VOCAL,DYNAMO150 Gas fluxGasex I, II, III, ?? (100) Hurricanes NOAA BasePhysics, P-3observations 650 HFIPHWRF physics (Bao) 100 NASAGOES-5 fluxes 100 NOPPModel flux coupler0 Renewable energyDOE WFIP (Wilczak)/GSD RUC 300 Arctic Persson, Shupe, Solomon, Grachev NSF, DOE BL, mesoscale, microphys, WRF 600 ONRWaves-ice interactions 200 April 1, 2013 PageNOAA Earth System Research Laboratory- Boulder, Colorado9

Surface Processes and Coupled Models: Wider Contex 2009 OceanOBS09 WP Flux Observing Sys 2011 WMO Polar Pred. Steering Committee 2012 MOSAIC plans 2-yr Arctic Obs Station 2012 US-IOOS12 WP CoastalFlux Observing 2012 GSOP/CLIVAR Ocean reanalysis and fluxes 2013 WGNE/GOV WP on Obs for Coupled Predictions 2013 BAMS High latitude fluxes April 1, 2013 PageNOAA Earth System Research Laboratory- Boulder, Colorado10

The Future Arctic WWRP Polar Predictions (International effort) 7 major field programs BOEM/PSD-GSD (Intrieri) initiative sea ice predictions SEARCH TIKSI observatory completion (??) NOAA P-3 surface interaction Observations Wband radar, WSRA wave measurements, Video… Surface fluxes, sea spray, WaveWatch-III Air-Sea/CPO CALWATER2 – follow on to DYNAMO Flux products for coupled models Renewable energy Four more WFIP’s? (complex, ocean, coastal, island) April 1, 2013 PageNOAA Earth System Research Laboratory- Boulder, Colorado11

ISSUES Arctic is major upswing SEARCH cut k$420 in FY13 because???. FY14? Support for PPP? ESRL participation non-NOAA funds? Havent been able to get the R/V Ron Brown since Took observing systems off. Transferred C-band radar to CSU. ‘Penciled in’ for CALWATER2 2015, but remain skeptical Worry about follow thru on DYNAMO. Need another round of grants. Loss of base-funded hours on P-3 gets worse every year. Got P-3 for DYNAMO because ONR paid 1m$ Renewable energy – will NOAA drop the ball? April 1, 2013 PageNOAA Earth System Research Laboratory- Boulder, Colorado12