Unit 11: -i Stem Nouns; Agreement Notes 11.3

Learning Goals: By the end of the lesson students will be able to: 1.Further understand how to make nouns and adjectives agree. 2.Decline any noun/adjective phrase using 1 st -3 rd declension nouns (including –i stems) and 1 st /2 nd declension adjectives. 3.Recognize noun/adjectives in agreement. 4.Recognize noun/adjectives NOT in agreement.

Do you remember…? Adjectives must agree with the nouns they modify in case, number, and gender. Are you tired of hearing this yet?! Now is the time I’m going to start expecting accuracy for you so pay close attention! Agreement does not mean that the noun and adjective have to look the same. puer bonus Agreement does not mean that the noun and adjective have to be the same declension. lex bona miles bonus agricola bonus

Ok, Ok, Ok…I know! We’ve talked about this officially 4 times now (2.3, 5.4, 8.3, 8.4) and here we are talking about it again. That’s because this is typically very difficult for Latin 1 students to get. Everyone can regurgitate the rule, but it’s not so easy to apply the rule. Today we need to get it together and really make it work.

Let’s review: All adjectives that you know so far are called 1 st and 2 nd declension adjectives. But why are they called this? So far adjectives appear in the vocabulary listing ending in –us (or –er), -a, -um. The masculine ends in –us or –er. This ending is 2 nd declension. The feminine ends in –a. This ending is 1 st declension. The neuter ends in –um. This ending is 2 nd declension. bonus, -a, -um - good firmus, -a, -um - strong miser, -era, -erum - unhappy latus, -a, -um - wide stultus, -a, -um - foolish altus, -a, -um - tall verus, -a, -um - true novus, -a, -um - new

To sum up: Adjectives occur in all 3 genders and so far in 2 declensions. So to make them agree with nouns we have to first choose the appropriate gender to modify the noun. And then we have to use the endings appropriate to that declension on the adjective. bonus, -a, -um - good firmus, -a, -um - strong miser, -era, -erum - unhappy latus, -a, -um - wide stultus, -a, -um - foolish altus, -a, -um - tall verus, -a, -um - true novus, -a, -um - new

Choose the form of each adjective needed to modify these nouns: lex puella poeta frumentum populus soror miles iter bonus, -a, -um - good firmus, -a, -um - strong miser, -era, -erum - unhappy verus, -a, -um - true bonamiserafirmavera bonamiserafirmavera bonamiserafirmavera bonusmiserfirmusverus bonusmiserfirmusverus bonusmiserfirmusverus bonummiserumfirmumverum bonummiserumfirmumverum

So to sum it all up: Use the endings for the noun to suit ITS declension, whichever one it is. Use the endings for the adjective to suit ITS declension, whichever one it is. If the 2 declensions are the same, great! But if they’re not the same that’s great, too!

Let’s decline some: good sister soror, -is f. sister bonus, -a, -um - good sg.pl. nom. soror bona sorores bonae gen. sororis bonae sororum bonarum dat. sorori bonae sororibus bonis acc. sororem bonam sorores bonas abl. sorore bonā sororibus bonis voc. soror bona sorores bonae unhappy poet poeta, -ae m. poet miser, -era, -erum - unhappy sg.pl. nom. poeta miser poetae miseri gen. poetae miseri poetarum miserorum dat. poetae misero poetis miseris acc. poetam miserum poetas miseros abl. poetā miserō poetis miseris voc. poeta miser poetae miseri

true soldier miles, militis m. soldier verus, -a, -um - true sg.pl. nom. miles verus milites veri gen. militis veri militum verorum dat. militi vero militibus veris acc. militem verum milites veros abl. milite verō militibus veris voc. miles vere milites veri good journey iter, itineris n. journey bonus, -a, -um - good sg.pl. nom. iter bonum itinera bona gen. itineris boni itinerum bonorum dat. itineri bono itineribus bonis acc. iter bonum itinera bona abl. itinere bonō itineribus bonis voc. iter bonum itinera bona And let’s decline some more:

My level of understanding Check for understanding 4 I understand the concept of noun/adjective agreement; I can recognize agreement when I see it; AND I can create agreement without my notes. 3 I understand the concept of noun/adjective agreement; I can recognize agreement when I see it; AND I can create agreement with my notes. 2 I understand the concept of noun/adjective agreement AND I can recognize agreement when I see it. 1 I understand the concept of noun/adjective agreement. Quid agis? How are you doing?

Class Practice 11.3 Decline the following phrases. Feel free to consult your flash cards or the dictionary on my website if you need to look up the vocabulary information. 1.kind grandmother 2.strong general 3.angry brother 4.deep sea