Lesson 4 “Dutch and French Colonies” New Netherland Main Idea The Dutch settled in what is now the northeastern United States Henry Hudson (English) had made land claims for the Netherlands (Dutch). They named the land “New Netherland” and set up fur-trading posts. Peter Minuit (Dutch) was the governor and in 1626 bought Manhattan Island (New York) from the Manhate Indians and named it New Amsterdam as the capital of New Netherland. He also established a colony on the Delaware River for Sweden. It only lasted 17 years and was taken over by New Netherland in 1655. Dutch West India Company – brought people from Europe to farm. Few people from the Netherlands wanted to cross the Atlantic, so people from other countries, such Germany, France and Sweden, with different religions were welcomed. There were conflicts with Indians over land, but a peace agreement was signed in 1645.

Lesson 4 “Dutch and French Colonies” New Netherland Peter Stuyvesant (Dutch) was the governor of New Netherland in 1647. He made laws that angered the colonists and unlike most settlers, he did not practice tolerance, respecting beliefs that were different from his. He did not want people of different religious beliefs in the colony. New York – In 1664, English ships sailed into the New Amsterdam harbor to attack, however since the colonists were unhappy with the governor, they refused to fight. The English renamed New Amsterdam to honor the Duke of York (England), so it became New York.

Lesson 4 “Dutch and French Colonies” New France Main Idea France claimed much of North America in the 1600’s, but few settlers lived there. At first a private company ran the colony, but in the 1660’s the king of France took over. Few settlers lived in New France as the cold climate made farming difficult and most of the settlers were men who made their living by fishing or trading furs. French Catholic missionaries established missions throughout New France to teach the Indians about Catholicism. The Fur Trade Fur traders traveled throughout New France trading with the Indians. They traded goods such as beads, tools, pots, knives and cloth for beaver, fox and otter pelts. Samuel de Champlain – formed a partnership with the Huron and Algonquin tribes to fight against the Iroquois nation of 5 tribes.

Lesson 4 “Dutch and French Colonies” Exploring the Mississippi Jacques Marquette – A missionary who traveled down the Mississippi River in 1673 by canoe to set up missions. Louis Jolliet – An explorer who thought that the Mississippi River might lead to the Pacific Ocean. He traveled with Marquette. Robert La Salle – An explorer who explored (1682), and claimed, the Mississippi River and all of the land around it for France. He named it Louisiana in honor of King Louis XIV of France.

Lesson 4 Review 1). What was the main purpose of the first New Netherland settlements? 2). Why did many people from the Netherlands not come to the new colony? 3). Why were many settlers in New Amsterdam unhappy with Peter Stuyvesant? 4). Why were there so few settlers in New France? 5). What three countries had many settle in New Netherland? 6). Which animals did the fur traders want? 7). What goods did the fur traders have to trade? 8). The French formed an alliance with which two Indian tribes? 9). What did the French missionaries do in New France? 10). Who set up missions along the Mississippi River?