Chapter 7, Afterword & Epilogue ENRIQUE’S JOURNEY   THE STORY OF A BOY’S DANGEROUS ODYSSEY TO REUNITE WITH HIS MOTHER Sonia Nazario LESSON 4 Chapter 7, Afterword & Epilogue On the Same Page Classroom Curriculum 2013-2014 Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D

Photo prediction Look at each image. Predict what you believe the image is teaching you about Enrique’s Journey and some of Enrique’s family members. Write thoughts, words, or a phrase that the image communicates to you? Share your opinions with the members of your group. Share out with the whole class. On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed. D On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed. D On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed. D On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

Photo prediction Predict what you believe the image is teaching you about Enrique’s Journey and some of Enrique’s family members. Write thoughts, words, or a phrase that the image communicates to you? On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

Drta – Directed Reading thinking activity María Isabel is relieved. She tells herself that it is all right, that Jasmín doesn’t really understand what is happening. María Isabel does not say good-bye to her daughter. She does not hug her. She gets out of the car and walks briskly into the bus terminal. She does not look back. She never tells her she is going to the United States. Rosa Amalia lifts Jasmín onto the hood of her car. As the bus pulls out of the terminal, she tells the girl to say good-bye. Jasmín waves with both hands and calls out, “Adiós, mami. Adiós, mami. Adiós, mami. Adiós, mami.” (p. 240) On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

ANTICIPATORY GUIDE Agree/Disagree People come to the United States to prosper and send money back to their families living in other countries. A true mother is someone who raises and nurtures a child. Education is the way to succeed and find a place in society. Immigration is good for migrants, the countries they come from and for the United States and its citizens. Most immigrants would rather stay in their home countries with their extended families. On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

DIRECTED READING WITH NUMBERED HEADS & Dialogue Reading Chapter 7: The Girl Left Behind, p. 197-240 Dialogue Read (p. 197-198) How does Enrique berate his mother? Do you agree with Enrique? Explain your answer. How does Lourdes defend herself and her actions? Do you agree with Lourdes? Explain your answer. (p. 199- 200) What is the cause of Enrique’s resentment towards his mother? How does he punish her? How does she respond? (p. 200-201) How are both Enrique and Maria Isabel’s lives in spiraling out of control? Who is responsible? What can be done? (p. 202-203) How do Enrique and Lourdes spend the holidays? (p. 203-204) On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

DIRECTED READING WITH NUMBERED HEADS HONDURAS Describe the living situation for both María Isabel and her daughter, Jasmín, with Enrique’s family in Honduras. (p. 204-205) Why is María Isabel being vigilantly watched? By who? Do you believe that this is right? Explain your answer. (p. 205-206) What accusations are made against María Isabel? How does she defend herself? (p. 206- 209) On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

DIRECTED READING WITH NUMBERED HEADS UNITED STATES How does Lourdes’s boyfriend’s fourteen-year-old son adjust to life in the United States? What may be some of the causes for his acting out? (p. 209) How does Enrique cope with his new life? Explain your response. (209-212) What support do young migrants like Enrique need? Why do you think so?   HONDURAS Describe Maria Isabel’s living conditions and why she has to move out. (p. 212) Describe the neighborhood of Los Tubos, where María Isabel’s mother lives. (p. 213) How does life change for both María Isabel and her daughter, Jasmín, once they move to Los Tubos? Explain. (p. 214-216) On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

DIRECTED READING WITH NUMBERED HEADS UNITED STATES Why does Enrique turn around his life? Why new choices is he making? (p. 216-218) HONDURAS Why does Lourdes’s sister, Mirian, decide to go to the United States? Why does Belky agree with her decision? (p. 218-220) How do both María Isabel and Enrique’s lives change overtime? What are some of the reasons that they are growing apart? Explain. (p. 220- 222) On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

DIRECTED READING WITH NUMBERED HEADS UNITED STATES How does Mirian adjust to life in the United States? (p. 222-223) How does Enrique adjust to life without his daughter and María Isabel? (p. 224)   HONDURAS Describe the mother-daughter relationship between María Isabel and Jasmín? Why can’t María Isabel leave her daughter behind? (p. 224-226) Describe the economic conditions for females working in Honduras? (226-227) What makes the decision to go to the United States so difficult? What are the pros and cons that María Isabel considers? (p. 227-213) On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

DIRECTED READING WITH NUMBERED HEADS UNITED STATES Besides her work on the cleaning crew, what other responsibilities fall on Lourdes? Do you think this is right? Why or why not? (p. 231) What are some of the reasons for a difficult relationship between Enrique and Lourdes? (p. 132-133) Why are Enrique and Lourdes separated again? Is this a good thing in your opinion? Explain. (p. 233-234) How does the move to North Carolina change Enrique and his feelings towards his family? (p. 234-235) On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

DIRECTED READING WITH NUMBERED HEADS THE GIRL LEFT BEHIND Dialogue read (p. 237-240) Why does María Isabel decide to go north? How does she prepare for the separation from her daughter? What decision would you have made? Explain. On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

DIRECTED READING WITH NUMBERED HEADS Afterword (p. 241-260) WOMEN, CHILDREN, AND THE IMMIGRATION DEBATE What story do the statistics tell us about children in the U.S. (p. 241) What makes the journey so treacherous? (p. 214) Who are the perpetrators? What can be done to stop them? (p. 242) Who is continuing to travel north despite the dangers? Explain. (p. 243) Make a T-CHART listing the pros and cons for migrants living in the U.S. (p. 243-244) Is immigration good for the migrants, the countries they come from, and for the United States and its citizens? Explain your opinion. (p. 243-244) Pros Cons   On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

DIRECTED READING WITH NUMBERED HEADS NEWCOMER TRAUMAS What are the common and devastating traumas that many newcomers suffer, according to counselor, Gabriel Murillo? (p. 245-247) What are common situations for children who have been separated from their mothers? (246-248)   LANDS LEFT BEHIND How does the exodus of immigrants provide an ‘escape valve’ for countries with economic problems? (p. 249) How does being a child left behind mark you for life? (p. 250) IMMIGRANT NATION How do Enrique and Lourdes differ on the impact of ‘illegal’ immigration? Who do you agree with? Explain your opinion. (p. 251) On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

DIRECTED READING WITH NUMBERED HEADS How do native born workers generally differ from those in the country illegally? Explain. (p. 252) How do immigrants help the U.S. economy? (p. 252-253)   BENEFIT AND BURDEN What are some of the negative consequences of immigration? (p. 253-255) Make a list of at least five with the members of your group. Why did many Latino residents support Proposition 187? (p. 256) What are additional benefits and burdens of immigration? (p. 257) On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

DIRECTED READING WITH NUMBERED HEADS SCHIZOPHRENIC POLICIES Who benefits from immigration? Who has the most to lose? Explain. (p. 257-258) What makes the U.S. immigration policies schizophrenic? (p. 258) What can be done to curb immigration? What do the experts say? (p. 259-260) On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

DIRECTED READING WITH NUMBERED HEADS Epilogue (p. 261-267) How does María Isabel’s journey north differ from Enrique’s? Why do you think so? Do you believe that Jasmín will join her parents someday? Explain. (p. 261-262) How does the separation between Belky and Lourdes impact their lives? (p. 262-263) Dialogue read (p. 263-267): How does appearing on Don Francisco Presenta on September 11, 2006 impact their lives? How do you think each of them felt? How do you know? On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

FIND THE MEANING Synonyms or words with similar meanings Find the synonym of each underlined word in the sentence, using the context to help you find the meaning. Write a sentence using the new word. On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

FIND THE MEANING Or quell the (1) loneliness he felt being moved from one relative to the next? (p. 197) He (2) berates Lourdes for leaving him with a father she knew was irresponsible. (p. 197) María Isabel (3) seethes. She says nothing. (p. 206) María Isabel is enraged: they are (4) sullying one of the few things she has – her honor. (p. 208) María Isabel feels she is being forced to have her daughter’s celebration with women who have (5) maligned her as a bad mom. (p. 208) Enrique blames the boy’s father for his aggressiveness and (6) penchant to fight. (p. 209) On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

FIND THE MEANING Lourdes is (7) despondent. She worries that he will kill himself driving recklessly. (p. 211) He has (8) excruciating pain when he turns his head. (p. 211) She has the same temperament as Enrique and Lourdes: she is (9) testy, a stubborn fighter who stands her ground. (p. 215) Before, when Enrique told her he was clean, she could (10) ferret out the truth for herself. (p. 221) Many Americans understand that being born in the United States, with all the opportunities that entails, is a matter of sheer (11) serendipity. (p. 252) Many immigration observers believe U.S. officials have pursued a purposefully (12) schizophrenic immigration policy. (p. 258) On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

QUOTABLE QUOTES Choose one quote below and write in it your literature log. Summarize the main points of the text, rewriting it in your own words. How does this quote apply to you and your life? What can we learn from this person’s words? How can others benefit from this knowledge? On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

QUOTABLE QUOTES “I think she’ll love me when she sees me,” he tells himself. He pictures how their lives together will be. Everyone in Lourdes’s house eats dinner at different hours, whenever they get home from work. His family will eat dinner together. Enrique (p. 224) Murillo’s conclusion: “The parents say: I had to do it. But that’s not enough for these children. All of them feel the resentment.” Special education teacher Marga Rodriguez adds, “This isn’t worth it. In the end, you lose your kids.” But she admits she doesn’t know what it’s like not to have anything to feed your hungry children. (p. 248) On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

QUOTABLE QUOTES Enrique and Lourdes disagree about the impact of this on the United States. Enrique says that were he an American citizen, he would want to curtail illegal immigration. Like most on his paint crew, he explains, he gets paid cash under the table and contributes no taxes on what he earns. (p. 251) Lourdes disagrees. Yes, she says, her daughter was born at a public hospital, and she received welfare for a time. Still, she pays taxes and is entitled to those services. To her, immigrant labor is the engine that helps drive the American economy. Immigrants like herself, she says, work hard at jobs no American wants to do, at least not for minimum wage with no health benefits or paid vacation time. (p. 251) Many Americans understand that being born in the United States, with all the opportunities that entails, is a matter of sheer serendipity. Sonia Nazario (p. 252) On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

A PULITZER PRIZE WINNER – GOING THAT EXTRA MILE As you have learned, Sonia Nazario, went that extra mile as a journalist for over five years to conduct research for the making of Enrique’s Journey. Read the last two sections of the book to learn vital information about Sonia, her work ethic and all she did as a reporter to protect her clients and accurately represent the truth: NOTES (p. 269-295) and ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS (p. 297- 300).   On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

A PULITZER PRIZE WINNER – GOING THAT EXTRA MILE Make a T-Chart with a list of ten “essential requirements” of a Pulitzer Prize Winning Journalist/Author and the reasons or rationale why this is a valid requirement.   Requirement Rationale Example: 1) Decision to use only the first names of Enrique and Lourdes and their family members   1)Publishing their maternal or paternal name or both, would make them identifiable to authorities. On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

ACTION RESEARCH – uncover the truth In order to understand the social, political and economic background of Enrique’s Story, it is important to learn firsthand from primary and secondary sources of the immigration issue and to read from various points of view. “For some journalists, research means sitting at a computer and surfing Google…For Sonia Nazario…it means leaving home for months at a time to sit on top of a moving freight train running the length of Mexico,” risking her life… San Francisco Chronicle   On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

ACTION RESEARCH – UNCOVER THE TRUTH Watch an interview/presentation by Sonia Nazario: English: Sonia Nazario: Enrique’s Journey http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NqtvRxpHet8 Spanish: Sonia Nazario Escritora (La Travesia Spanish: De Enrique ) Entrevista con Sonia Nazario http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eruGtNj2wVk ASSIGNMENT Write a one-page review of this presentation/interview with Sonia Nazario. What important message is she communicating? How can her message initiate change in our U.S. Immigration Policy? On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

DEBATE: Agree to disagree You have read Sonia’s book and a number of articles as well as the viewing of many videos. You will read many different opinions about the immigration debate. Choose two quotes: First, a quote that you agree with and explain why. Secondly, choose a quote you disagree with and explain your reasons. On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

DEBATE: Agree to disagree You may draw a chart in your literature log as follows: Quote (Agree)   Why do you agree with this quote? Quote (Disagree) Why do you disagree with this quote? On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

DEBATE: Agree to disagree - quotes It is a refreshing change to read an article on illegal immigration that doesn’t put the blame on the victim; because illegal immigrants are just that: victims. In most cases they were victims in their home country of oppression and discrimination and that is the main reason they left and went to the US.... just to find that they are now victims of an oppressive and biased legal system that doesn´t allow them a clear path to legalization. Social and economic development for poor countries is the key to deal with illegal immigration. When living conditions improve in a country, people have fewer reasons to migrate. It is time for US to address the real factors fueling illegal immigration, establishing regional initiatives for social and economic advancement. Right now we need to create opportunities for unemployed and underemployed U.S. citizens. We must take care of our own first.   On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

DEBATE: Agree to disagree - quotes The truth is that the countries that these illegal immigrants come from do not care that they have left their countries. Instead they reap the reward of millions of dollars sent to these nations by illegals. The United States is a safety valve that helps control these nations’ overpopulation problems, crime, and poverty. We taxpaying citizens are left holding the bag in terms of medical care education and many other services we provide, in addition to the taking of jobs and lowering the wages of poor Americans. I agree totally that the way to curtail illegal immigration is by creating opportunities in poor countries. I, myself, migrated to the United States in 1977 and, although I didn't go through the nightmare that Enrique and his family endured, it was pretty traumatic. One day, I found myself living in a room, eating where I could, and working in a factory twelve hours a day for $80.00 dollars a week. Luckily, I found an angel who married me and put me through college. But my family, who was left behind, was lost in the shuffle. When I went back my sister and my nieces had become teenagers, and forever I feel that I lost that "link" between them and me.     On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

DEBATE: Agree to disagree - quotes I am an illegal immigrant. I came here legally in 2003, and overstayed my VISA. True I felt, and still I do feel, guilty. I had almost nothing for what to come back home (Spain), and many memories and dreams to follow and pursue here. I just wanted to stay here so badly that I started my new life here giving the best from myself. Sadly, to be illegal, put me in the shadow, and barely I could have a 'normal' life (always studying and working), but in a little poverty.  For one minute pretend you are poor, uneducated and living in a place where that is most likely never going to change - especially if you are a woman. Now add to that you have a family to feed. What do you do? Let them starve or ignore a man-made border and law and find work to support them? Oh I know some of you think the poor should not have children but it happens for many reasons - culture, religion, lack of education, abuse, no access to birth control etc. The fact remains the law and wall so many of you refer to as hard and firm will never deter someone’s desire to survive.   On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

DEBATE: Agree to disagree - quotes First, thanks to the author for writing this book. I immigrated to Germany and then the United States with my family. For those back in Bosnia, living abroad seems like a fantasy land. As the author points out, there are also negative sides to living abroad including families that are split up and immigrants who feel they belong nowhere. Some immigrants succeed while others can never really adjust to living away from their homeland. As to one reader's comment that illegal immigration is not ok, I would say that things are not as simple as illegal and legal immigration. I do not agree with increasing foreign aid to those countries that send their poor to the U.S. illegally. No one made Maria Isabel pregnant; there is no mention in the story on how Lourdes Pineda got pregnant twice. Instead of increasing foreign aid to Mexico, Honduras, El Salvador, etc. the US should cut foreign aid, and instead give it to those states in the US burdened the most by illegal immigrants. If the US keeps rewarding Latin American countries for shoving their poor to us, there will never be any change in the way these countries will exist; their poor will always be pawned off to the US... On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

DEBATE: Agree to disagree - quotes "There are huge benefits to migration: mothers who go north are able to send money home so their children can eat and go to school." The benefits are to the illegal immigrants, not the local population. Try sending your kid to one of the schools overwhelmed with ESL programs, or hospitals whose emergency rooms are declaring bankruptcy and folding because of the "undocumented immigrants" who use them as a doctor's office and pay nothing. Prejudice against immigrants has not changed since my great-great grandfather walked the streets of Brooklyn looking at the "No Irish Need Apply" signs. And don't forget that the Native Americans were here first. We should all be as kind as we can to each other. There is nothing else. The real "heartache" is not because we are attempting to obstruct further "open borders", it’s because we have systematically destroyed our national integrity and our own middle class, in order to provide more profit for corporations. The answer to our current situation is not to continue to promote this corruption with its collateral damage and misery. The answer is to halt illegal labor completely, to stop this whole process. On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD

Revisit the ANTICIPATORY GUIDE Agree/Disagree People come to the United States to prosper and send money back to their families living in other countries. A true mother is someone who raises and nurtures a child. Education is the way to succeed and find a place in society. Immigration is good for migrants, the countries they come from and for the United States and its citizens. Most immigrants would rather stay in their home countries with their extended families. On the Same Page Curriculum 2013, Janet Rachel Johns, Ed.D. Abriendo Caminos, Migrant Education, Region 11, PVUSD