NOTES on New Immigration

Emma Lazarus Poem on Base Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, the wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, the homeless, tempest-tossed, to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door!

“I came to America because I heard the streets were paved with gold… When I got here, I found out three things: First, the streets weren’t paved with gold; second, they weren’t paved at all; and third, I was expected to pave them”

Ellis Island

Southern and Eastern Europeans 1.Motivation to move a.Push: Fleeing land shortage, job shortage, famine b.Pull: religious and political freedom 2.Port of entry: Ellis Island in NYC

3. Why Americans discriminated a.fear religious differences i.US = Protestant ii.immigrants = Catholic, Jewish b.fear job competition 4. Anti-immigration policies a.Quota Act of 1924: only 2% of each nation’s present population allowed to enter b.De facto discrimination (socially enforced) i. Ghettos (secluded community)

Angel Island Immigration Station

Chinese 1.motive to move: a.push factor: fleeing land shortage and political revolution b.pull factor: job opportunities: build transcontinental railroad 2.Port of entry: Angel Island in San Francisco

3. Why Americans discriminate a.fear job competition b.fear cultural differences c.fear of racial mixing

3. Why Americans discriminate a.fear job competition b.fear cultural differences c.fear of racial mixing 4. Anti-immigration policies a.Denis Kearney Disturbance: resent job competition… cut off hair of Asians and murder

3. Why Americans discriminate a.fear job competition b.fear cultural differences c.fear of racial mixing 4. Anti-immigration policies a.Denis Kearney Disturbance: resent job competition… cut off hair of Asians and murder b.Chinese Exclusion Act: prohibit immigration of Chinese labor Chinese Exclusion Act WHEREAS, in the opinion of the Government of the United States the coming of Chinese laborers to this country endangers the good order of certain localities within the territory thereof: Therefore, Be it enacted… the coming of Chinese laborers to the Untied States be,... suspended; and during such suspension it shall not be lawful for any Chinese laborer to come, or, having so come after the expiration of said ninety days, to remain within the United States. Chinese Exclusion Act WHEREAS, in the opinion of the Government of the United States the coming of Chinese laborers to this country endangers the good order of certain localities within the territory thereof: Therefore, Be it enacted… the coming of Chinese laborers to the Untied States be,... suspended; and during such suspension it shall not be lawful for any Chinese laborer to come, or, having so come after the expiration of said ninety days, to remain within the United States.

3. Why Americans discriminate a.fear job competition b.fear cultural differences c.fear of racial mixing 4. Anti-immigration policies a.Denis Kearney Disturbance: resent job competition… cut off hair of Asians and murder b.Chinese Exclusion Act: prohibit immigration of Chinese labor c.Alien Land Law – non-citizen Asians could not own land d.Page Law: excluded all “Oriental Women from immigrating… assumed they were prostitutes Chinese Exclusion Act WHEREAS, in the opinion of the Government of the United States the coming of Chinese laborers to this country endangers the good order of certain localities within the territory thereof: Therefore, Be it enacted… the coming of Chinese laborers to the Untied States be,... suspended; and during such suspension it shall not be lawful for any Chinese laborer to come, or, having so come after the expiration of said ninety days, to remain within the United States.

Directions Add symbols, pictures, or phrases that explain the “American Dream” “Life, liberty, pursuit of happiness” Freedom of speech, religion, press, and assembly The Gilded Age (covered in gold, inside is junk) “Rags to Riches” TheAmerican Dream Dream

Directions Summarize the meaning of the cartoon List at least 2 ways each ethnic/racial group became the targets of discrimination American Indians

Directions Summarize the meaning of the cartoon List at least 2 ways each ethnic/racial group became the targets of discrimination European Immigrants

Directions Summarize the meaning of the cartoon List at least 2 ways each ethnic/racial group became the targets of discrimination Asian Immigrants “No more Washee! Playee Base-ballee! Sellee out Game, allee same Melican man!”

Directions Summarize the meaning of the cartoon List at least 2 ways each ethnic/racial group became the targets of discrimination African-Americans

Directions Label the following population centers American Indians SD, OK, 4 Corners European Immigrants New York City (Ellis Island), Chicago, Philadelphia Asian Immigrants San Francisco (Angel Island), San Diego African Americans Lower South Map Page 1,142

Directions Label the following population centers American Indians SD, OK, 4 Corners European Immigrants New York City (Ellis Island), Chicago, Philadelphia Asian Immigrants San Francisco (Angel Island), San Diego African Americans Lower South