POWER POINT PRESENTED BY DANGOUMBA FRANCOIS CIVIL ENGINEER LAND SURVEYOR, EXPERT ON REMOTE SENSING AND GIS YAOUNDE CAMEROUN- AFRICA fr/ ANNUAL WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LAND AND POVERTY WASHINGTON DC, MARCH , 2015 THEME: THE USE OF GEOSPATIAL TECHNOLOGIES (SATELLITE IMAGES) IN THE LAND SURVEY OF EVER- EXPANDING AFRICAN TOWNS.

 1. INTRODUCTION  2. CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PAPER  3. OVERVIEW OF TWO LAND SYSTEMS IN AFRICA  4. THE ISSUES OF SATELLITE IMAGES  5. WHY SHOULD WE USE SATELLITE IMAGES IN THE LAND USE SURVEY?  6. INTRODUCING SATTELITE IMAGES DATA IN THE GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS)  7. CONCLUSION TABLE OF CONTENTS

 INTRODUCTION AND CONTEXT  Management of urban space is a crucial factor for the well being of the people living there; this space management requires accurate knowledge of how the occupation and organization of the environment.  The integration of satellite images to this organization of space allows to update supports mapping and cadastral documents for a comprehensive inventory of the state of land property.  Expected Results: enable decision makers to have a management system and requests updated urban data, and update files taxpayers through a key plan 1. INTRODUCTION

 CONTEXT:  Decision makers do not have an updated system for the management of urban data and land use.  OBJECTIVES:  Ensuring financial resources for local authorities  Guaranteeing land fees  Ensuring the development and equipment of towns  Ensuring the governance land properties 2.CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PAPER

 LAND TENURE IN GABON  In Gabon, the land is the property of the state whose role is to split and distribute the land through the relevant services;  -The procedure for awarding urban land property devolves on the General cadastre Department; thus all land stains are forwarded to this institution.  LAND TENURE IN CAMEROUN  In Cameroon, the state is the keeper of land. It guarantees the right of any natural person of corporate body that owns a land to enjoy and use it.  There are three categories of property:  - State private property  - Individual private property  - National property 3. OVERVIEW OF TWO LAND SYSTEMS IN AFRICA

 2-1/ COMPARING THE TWO LAND SYSTEMS  In Cameroon, to obtain a land permit one must go through the registration land which consists in submitting a file to the relevant senior divisional officer.  In Gabon, the registration process differs from urban to rural areas.  In urban areas for instance, the application for a land permit must be forwarded to the cadastre services.  In Cameroon and Gabon, privates do not own sub soils which are considered as State’s property. Elsewhere, and in the USA specifically, privates do own soils and sub soils.  3. OVERVIEW OF TWO LAND SYSTEMS IN AFRICA

 The traditional methods used the conduct of land surveys were long and expensive because of the old process of making cartography.  Yet, it is essential to have an accurate knowledge of the land for a sound management of the space.  The question to be asked is the following:  Is the use of satellite images a key factor for the updating of survey data? 4. THE ISSUES OF SATELLITE IMAGES.

 Satellite images are color or black images that are obtained by digitizing or projecting air pictures.  -For a prompt updating of cartographic data  -For monitoring the urban array  - For a survey of land ownership. 5. WHY SHOULD WE USE SATELLITE IMAGES?

 5.1 ADVANTAGES OF SATELLITE IMAGES   They give accurate information on the topography of the plot  They help update cartographic data  They help fill the gaps on pioneer fringes of big cities  They help trace the urban array because of the quality of their metrics  They help put in place an addressing system.  5. WHY SHOULD WE USE SATELLITE IMAGES?

 5.2 SHORTCOMINGS OF SATELLITE IMAGES   -They cannot replace the fragmented plan  -They cannot replace the boundaries of unseen plots  -They cannot replace field works.  5. WHY SHOULD WE USE SATELLITE IMAGES?

 DATA  Satellite images of Port-Gentil ( 1998)  Cadastral plots   PROCESS : GEOREFERENCING:  Plot superimposition on satellite images - Projection: Local cadastre  Structuring of the database. – Ellipsoid : GRS 80-WGS 84  6. INTRODUCING SATTELITE IMAGES DATA IN THE GIS)

DATA Satellite images of Port-Gentil ( 1998) Cadastral plots

 Satellite images help to make a comprehensive inventory of plots, and sugar cane forms for agro- industries  Satellite images help to trace the development of cultivated areas and expansion of the urban array  Satellite images aim at controlling the reduction in agricultural land, and at boosting productivity  Satellite images are effective tools that contribute to urban development  Satellite images can be used survey maps for network distributors ( water and electricity)  7.CONCLUSION