BUILDING VOCABULARY SKILLS Fourth Edition Sherrie L. Nist © 2010 Townsend Press

Unit One: Chapter 5 • endorse • illusion • erode • impact • gruesome • imply • hypocrite • novice • idealistic • obstacle Page 24 in textbook.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 1 endorse – verb Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 1 endorse – verb • “If you endorse the new shopping mall,” said the speaker, “you’re supporting a large increase in neighborhood traffic.” • Some athletes earn more money endorsing such products as cereal and footwear than they do playing their sport. Endorse means A. to buy. B. to support. C. to see. Page 24 in textbook. Answer: B The next slide explains the answer.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 1 endorse – verb Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 1 endorse – verb • “If you endorse the new shopping mall,” said the speaker, “you’re supporting a large increase in neighborhood traffic.” • Some athletes earn more money endorsing such products as cereal and footwear than they do playing their sport. Endorse means A. to buy. B. to support. C. to see. Page 24 in textbook. Supporting the new shopping mall means supporting increased traffic. Some athletes are paid to support particular products. They appear in ads for the products or allow companies to use their names.

Land that has been eroded TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 2 erode – verb • As water eroded the topsoil, the tree roots beneath it became more and more visible. • The team’s confidence in its coach was eroded by his increasingly wild accusations against its opponents. Erode means A. to wear away. B. to build up. C. to escape. Page 24 in textbook. Answer: A The next slide explains the answer. Land that has been eroded by weather

Land that has been eroded TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 2 erode – verb • As water eroded the topsoil, the tree roots beneath it became more and more visible. • The team’s confidence in its coach was eroded by his increasingly wild accusations against its opponents. Erode means A. to wear away. B. to build up. C. to escape. Page 24 in textbook. The roots would become visible if the water wore away the topsoil. If the coach is making wild accusations, he is likely to wear away his team’s confidence. Land that has been eroded by weather

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 3 gruesome – adjective Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 3 gruesome – adjective • The automobile accident was so gruesome that I had to look away from the horrible sight. • The young campers sat around the fire and scared each other with gruesome horror stories. Gruesome means A. unfair. B. boring. C. frightening. Page 24 in textbook. Answer: C The next slide explains the answer.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 3 gruesome – adjective Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 3 gruesome – adjective • The automobile accident was so gruesome that I had to look away from the horrible sight. • The young campers sat around the fire and scared each other with gruesome horror stories. Gruesome means A. unfair. B. boring. C. frightening. Page 24 in textbook. A horrible sight would be frightening. Young campers would scare one another with frightening horror stories.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 4 hypocrite – noun Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 4 hypocrite – noun • Dominic is such a hypocrite. He cheats his customers while complaining about how hard it is to be an honest, struggling salesman. • I feel that the worst hypocrites are those who preach love and then attack anyone of a different culture or faith. Hypocrite means A. an insincere person. B. a religious person. C. a loud person. Page 24 in textbook. Answer: A The next slide explains the answer.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 4 hypocrite – noun Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 4 hypocrite – noun • Dominic is such a hypocrite. He cheats his customers while complaining about how hard it is to be an honest, struggling salesman. • I feel that the worst hypocrites are those who preach love and then attack anyone of a different culture or faith. Hypocrite means A. an insincere person. B. a religious person. C. a loud person. Page 24 in textbook. A salesman who cheats his customers while talking about being honest is an insincere person. People who preach love and act hatefully are insincere people.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 5 idealistic – adjective Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 5 idealistic – adjective • Very idealistic people are drawn to professions like teaching or the ministry, in which they feel they can help make the world a better place. • My sister is too idealistic ever to marry for wealth or fame—she would marry only for love. Idealistic means A. full of ideas. B. emphasizing principles. C. young. Page 24 in textbook. Answer: B The next slide explains the answer.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 5 idealistic – adjective Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 5 idealistic – adjective • Very idealistic people are drawn to professions like teaching or the ministry, in which they feel they can help make the world a better place. • My sister is too idealistic ever to marry for wealth or fame—she would marry only for love. Idealistic means A. full of ideas. B. emphasizing principles. C. young. Page 24 in textbook. To choose a profession in order to make the world a better place is to emphasize one’s principles. To choose to marry only for love (instead of wealth or fame) is to emphasize one’s principles.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 6 illusion – noun Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 6 illusion – noun • People lost in the desert sometimes experience the illusion that there is a lake right in front of them. • The idea that the sun sets and rises is an illusion. It is really the Earth that is turning away from and then toward the sun. Illusion means A. a fact. B. a new idea. C. a false impression. Page 24 in textbook. Answer: C The next slide explains the answer.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 6 illusion – noun Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 6 illusion – noun • People lost in the desert sometimes experience the illusion that there is a lake right in front of them. • The idea that the sun sets and rises is an illusion. It is really the Earth that is turning away from and then toward the sun. Illusion means A. a fact. B. a new idea. C. a false impression. Page 24 in textbook. Thinking one sees a lake in the dessert would be a false impression. The turning of the Earth creates the false impression that the sun sets and rises.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 7 impact – noun Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 7 impact – noun • When birds accidentally fly into windows, the impact of hitting the glass often kills them. • That boxer punches with such power that the impact of his uppercut can knock out most opponents. Impact means A. a force. B. a possibility. C. a sight. Page 25 in textbook. Answer: A The next slide explains the answer.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 7 impact – noun Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 7 impact – noun • When birds accidentally fly into windows, the impact of hitting the glass often kills them. • That boxer punches with such power that the impact of his uppercut can knock out most opponents. Impact means A. a force. B. a possibility. C. a sight. Page 25 in textbook. The force of the bird hitting the window can kill the bird. The force of the boxer’s uppercut is great enough to knock out opponents.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 8 imply – verb Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 8 imply – verb • To Sherlock Holmes, the clues implied that the murderer was an elderly man who carried a cane. • When my friend asked me, “Do you feel all right?” she implied that I did not look well. Imply means A. to hide. B. to overlook. C. to suggest. Page 25 in textbook. Answer: C The next slide explains the answer.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 8 imply – verb Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 8 imply – verb • To Sherlock Holmes, the clues implied that the murderer was an elderly man who carried a cane. • When my friend asked me, “Do you feel all right?” she implied that I did not look well. Imply means A. to hide. B. to overlook. C. to suggest. Page 25 in textbook. To a detective such as Sherlock Holmes, clues would suggest information about the murderer. By asking “Do you feel all right?” the friend suggests the person does not look well.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 9 novice – noun Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 9 novice – noun • Because my father has never played tennis, he will join the class for novices. • “Don’t buy an expensive camera for a novice,” said the saleswoman. “Let your son first get some experience with a cheaper camera.” Novice means A. a child. B. a beginner. C. a friend. Page 25 in textbook. Answer: B The next slide explains the answer.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 9 novice – noun Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 9 novice – noun • Because my father has never played tennis, he will join the class for novices. • “Don’t buy an expensive camera for a novice,” said the saleswoman. “Let your son first get some experience with a cheaper camera.” Novice means A. a child. B. a beginner. C. a friend. Page 25 in textbook. If the father has never played tennis, he must be a beginner. If the son does not have experience using a camera, he must be a beginner.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 10 obstacle – noun Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 10 obstacle – noun • I’d better clean my apartment soon. There are too many obstacles on the floor between my bed and the refrigerator. • The major obstacle to Hal’s getting a promotion is his laziness. Obstacle means A. something hidden. B. something helpful. C. something that prevents movement. Page 25 in textbook. Answer: C The next slide explains the answer. The hay wagon is an obstacle to traffic.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 10 obstacle – noun Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 10 obstacle – noun • I’d better clean my apartment soon. There are too many obstacles on the floor between my bed and the refrigerator. • The major obstacle to Hal’s getting a promotion is his laziness. Obstacle means A. something hidden. B. something helpful. C. something that prevents movement. Page 25 in textbook. There are too many things that prevent easy movement between the bed and the refrigerator. Hal’s laziness would prevent him from moving up in the organization. The hay wagon is an obstacle to traffic.

SENTENCE CHECK 1 Complete each item with the correct word from the box. A. endorse B. erode C. gruesome D. hypocrite E. idealistic F. illusion G. impact H. imply I. novice J. obstacle 1. The horror movie became too __________ for me to watch when the monster started eating people. 2. Year after year, the waves continue to __________ the beach, wearing it away by constantly beating against it. Page 26 in textbook. Answers: 1. gruesome; 2. erode The next slide explains the answers.

SENTENCE CHECK 1 Complete each item with the correct word from the box. A. endorse B. erode C. gruesome D. hypocrite E. idealistic F. illusion G. impact H. imply I. novice J. obstacle 1. The horror movie became too __________ for me to watch when the monster started eating people. gruesome A movie in which people are eaten would be horrible to watch. 2. Year after year, the waves continue to __________ the beach, wearing it away by constantly beating against it. erode Page 26 in textbook. The constant beating of the waves would gradually wear the beach away. The words wearing…away are a clue.

SENTENCE CHECK 1 Complete each item with the correct word from the box. A. endorse B. erode C. gruesome D. hypocrite E. idealistic F. illusion G. impact H. imply I. novice J. obstacle 3. Poems often __________ an idea. That is, they hint at the idea rather than state it directly. 4. I was such a(n) __________ at computers that I didn’t even know how to send an e-mail. Page 26 in textbook. Answers: 3. imply; 4. novice; 5. idealistic The next slide explains the answers. 5. Karen is the least __________ person I know. She is guided only by a desire to get ahead.

SENTENCE CHECK 1 Complete each item with the correct word from the box. A. endorse B. erode C. gruesome D. hypocrite E. idealistic F. illusion G. impact H. imply I. novice J. obstacle 3. Poems often __________ an idea. That is, they hint at the idea rather than state it directly. imply Poems often suggest an idea. The words hint at are a clue. 4. I was such a ____________ at computers that I didn’t even know how to send an e-mail. novice Page 26 in textbook. A person who doesn’t know how to send an e-mail must be a beginner at using computers. 5. Karen is the least __________ person I know. She is guided only by a desire to get ahead. idealistic A person guided only by wanting to get ahead is a person who does not emphasize ideals and principles.

SENTENCE CHECK 1 Complete each item with the correct word from the box. A. endorse B. erode C. gruesome D. hypocrite E. idealistic F. illusion G. impact H. imply I. novice J. obstacle 6. Don’t be such a(n) __________! If you don’t like Anitra, then you shouldn’t pretend that you do. 7. An actress hired to __________ meat products on TV was fired when the producer learned she was a vegetarian. Page 26 in textbook. Answers: 6. hypocrite; 7. endorse The next slide explains the answers.

SENTENCE CHECK 1 Complete each item with the correct word from the box. A. endorse B. erode C. gruesome D. hypocrite E. idealistic F. illusion G. impact H. imply I. novice J. obstacle 6. Don’t be such a ____________! If you don’t like Anitra, then you shouldn’t pretend that you do. hypocrite A person who pretends to like someone he or she really does not like is an insincere person. 7. An actress hired to __________ meat products on TV was fired when the producer learned she was a vegetarian. endorse Page 26 in textbook. The producer would not want to have a vegetarian in ads supporting meat products.

SENTENCE CHECK 1 Complete each item with the correct word from the box. A. endorse B. erode C. gruesome D. hypocrite E. idealistic F. illusion G. impact H. imply I. novice J. obstacle 8. Ballet dancers sometimes break their toes when they land with too great a(n) __________ after a leap. 9. We can never drive straight into our driveway because there are always __________s there—tricycles, garbage cans, or toys. Page 26 in textbook. Answers: 8. impact; 9. obstacle; 10. illusion The next slide explains the answers. 10. When the moon is low in the sky, it looks much larger than when it is overhead. This difference in size, however, is only a(n)__________.

SENTENCE CHECK 1 Complete each item with the correct word from the box. A. endorse B. erode C. gruesome D. hypocrite E. idealistic F. illusion G. impact H. imply I. novice J. obstacle 8. Ballet dancers sometimes break their toes when they land with too great an ___________ after a leap. impact If dancers’ toes break, they must strike the floor with great force. 9. We can never drive straight into our driveway because there are always ___________ there—tricycles, garbage cans, or toys. obstacles Page 26 in textbook. Tricycles and such would be barriers to driving into the driveway. 10. When the moon is low in the sky, it looks much larger than when it is overhead. This difference in size, however, is only an ___________. illusion It is only a false impression that the moon seems to get smaller when overhead.