10.3 Ammendaments Jordan, Justin, Andy, (and Nathan)

The Right to Worship Freely ●2 Guarantees: ●“Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of freedom”- this means that Congress cannot make any faith the official religion of US. ●Nor can it make laws that favor any religion over another

The Right to Free Speech and Press ●Both are often grouped together as freedom of expression ●Gives the media and the people the freedom to express their free ideas, including ones that oppose arbitrary powers

The Right to Assemble and Petition ●Citizens can use public property for meetings and demonstrations ●Does not give people the right to close streets or buildings or to protest violently ●Police can arrest a speaker who urges illegal activity

By, Camryn, Jessica F, Ella and Naoise

 “The First Amendment guaranteed religious freedom. The first says, “’Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion.’” This means that Congress can’t make any faith the official religion of the United States. Neither can it make laws that favor any religion over another.”  “The second religious guarantee in the First Amendment says, “’Congress shall make no law... prohibiting the free exercise’” of religion. This means that people can have any religious beliefs, without fear of punishment. However, they can’t necessarily do whatever they want in the name of religious freedom.”

 The First Amendment protects freedom of speech and freedom of the press.  Freedom of the press is very important because of the bubbly roles that the press plays in a democratic society.  Freedom of the press also brings responsibilities, such as taking care not to spread untrue accusations or publish information that would be helpful to an enemy in wartime.  The Supreme Court has allowed limits on some kinds of speech, such as speech that jeopardizes public safety.

 The final two rights sheltered in the First Amendment are the right to peaceably assemble (meet together with others) and to petition (appeal to) the government.  While the First Amendment protects nonviolent meetings, it does not give people the right to close streets or buildings or to protest aggressively.

Chapter 10.4 Amendments By: Angela Guo, Tini Cheung, and Annie Ohrt

Second Amendment: The Right to Bear Arms States that “A well-regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed.” The meaning of this amendment has been much debated. Some people say that the amendment gives them the right to own guns only if they are part of a militia, while others say that this amendment protects their right to own weapons as a sort of self-defense.

Third Amendment: Quartering Troops in Homes Gave Americans the right to refuse requests from British soldiers to quarter in their homes Essentially gave Americans privacy of their own homes

Fourth Amendment: Searches and Seizures Gives people the privacy to not be searched without a warrant. Requires a good reason before a seizure (act of forcibly taking property or control)

10.5 By Varun, Dillion, Drake and Jason

Fifth Amendment Gives people who are accused of a serious crime the right to a grand jury hearing Protects citizens from double jeopardy Prohibits self-incrimination A person cannot be deprived of life, liberty or property without due process of law Government cannot take someone's private property for public use without just compensation People can’t go to jail without a trial Can’t be trialed twice for the same crime Police can’t force people to say stuff Court has to go through due process Government must pay fair price for property

Sixth Amendment Provides the right to a speedy trial Trials may not be held in secret Has the right to be judged by a jury of people who live in his/her area The prosecutor must tell the accused person not only the charge, but also the time and place of the supposed crime A defendant also has the right to hear and question all witnesses who testify at the trial A defendant has the right to a attorney to assist in his or her defense Has a right to a speedy public trial Trials cannot be secret Jury in their area Accused person gets to know what crime Can ask questions to the witnesses Right to a lawyer

Seventh Amendment In all but the most minor cases people involved in a civil case have a right to a jury trial No fact tried on a jury shall be otherwise reexamined. Everyone has the right to a jury Jury can’t look at the same crime twice

Eight Amendment Protects an accused persons right before and after a trial If a defendant cannot pay bail, he or she stays in jail until trial Forbids excessive fines and cruel and unusual punishments Government cannot accuse person before or after trial Defendant cannot pay bail; stays in jail till trial Forbids fines and cruelty

10.5 Notes JANINE, ANJALI, YIJIA AND KAT

5 th Amendment Legal Rights  Gives people a right to jury hearing. Jury decides if the evidence provided is justified or else the accused person is released.  Protects citizens from being accused twice for the same crime if proven not guilty the first time.  Police cannot force a person to say something that could be used against them, basically the right to remain silent.  Government must act reasonably and fairly. Everyone is to be presumed innocent until proven guilty.  Government cannot take a person’s private property for public use without just compensation.

6 th Amendment Criminal Trial Rights  Everyone has a right to a speedy and public trial with an impartial jury. Trials are not held in secret and the accused can’t be in jail for too long before trial.  Accused has the right to be judged by jury living in his/her area. Judge must be impartial and prosecutor must tell accused the time, place and description of crime.  Defendant has right to hear and question all witnesses and can order an unwilling witness to speak.  Defendant has right to an attorney for legal help in the court. If the person cannot afford an attorney, one will be provided for them. If you want a speedy Trial why do you keep Objecting?

7 th Amendment Civil Trial Rights  People involved in a civil case have the right to a jury trial.  After jury has reached a decision, no judge has the power to overrule that decision.

8 th Amendment Bail and Punishments  The accused have a chance to be bailed out before trial while in jail. If they cannot pay, they remain in jail. This prevents the judge from demanding excessive bail to keep a person in jail  Forbids cruel/unusual punishments or excessive fines after a person is proven guilty. Punishments must be proportionate to the crime and also prohibits inhumane prison conditions

 By, Nova Shtrikman, Jessica Jackson, Nikki Groberman  Period 3 Chapter 10.6 Notes

{ Amendment 9 The last two amendments were included to keep a balance of rights and power between the federal government, the people, and the states. The 9 th amendment, explains the rights of people. Ninth Amendment

Amendment 10  Powers kept to the states  Included to protect the states from too much federal power  It says that powers not given to the national govt. by the constitution are reserved for the states or to the people. The Tenth Amendment