CP Heart Disease Awareness for Native American Women by Cordelia Clapp, RN, BSN Kaw Nation of Oklahoma

CP Objectives Target cardiovascular health of women Increased awareness of risk factors for diabetes and heart disease in Native American women Learn about preventing diabetes, heart disease, and contributing lifestyle factors

CP New Awareness of Heart Disease in Women by Mayo Clinic 2003 Nation’s No 1 killer of both men & women since ,000 women will die of heart disease this year 8 million women living with heart disease in the United States 109,430 women in the state of Oklahoma are heart disease survivors

CP From the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute % of women (versus 25% of men) will die within one year of a recognized heart attack 35% of women (versus 18% of men) heart attack survivors will have another heart attack within six years 46% of women (versus 22% of men) heart attack survivors become disabled with heart failure within six years

CP Explanation of gender disparities by CDC 2003 Women receive only 34% of angioplasties, bypass surgeries and stents Women receive only 21% of implantable defibrillators Women receive only 33% of open- heart surgeries Women comprise only 25% of all cardiac research

CP Heart Disease Mortality Trends from CDC 2002

CP Why Women Don’t Take Action Against Heart Disease Putting health as a top priority Belief of ageism-not old enough to be at risk Belief that it is a man’s disease Too busy to change our lives Already feeling stressed Feeling too tired

CP U. S. Women Report from CDC 2003 Deaths Among Women from Heart Disease, Breast & Lung Cancer: Heart Disease 505,000 Breast Cancer 41,872 Lung Cancer 65,052

CP Risk factors for Risk factors for Heart Attack or Stroke Cigarette smoking High blood cholesterol High blood pressure Physical inactivity Obesity Diabetes Personal medical history

CP Risk factors of Risk factors of Cigarette Smoking and Tobacco Smoke Single most preventable cause of death in U.S. Damages artery walls and allows cholesterol to deposit Reduces HDL “good” cholesterol level Triggers formation of blood clots Disturbs heart rhythm causing sudden cardiac arrest

CP Risk factors of Risk factors of High Blood Cholesterol High cholesterol is major risk factor for coronary heart disease and heart attack Secondary risk factor for stroke

CP What is Cholesterol? Cholesterol is a soft fat-like substance found in blood and in all body cells Healthy level of cholesterol is needed for body to function normally

CP Main Types of Cholesterol LDL cholesterol LDL cholesterol is “bad cholesterol” that is deposited in artery walls, increasing buildup of plague HDL cholesterol HDL cholesterol is “good cholesterol” that tends to carry excess cholesterol back to the liver where it is removed from body

CP Know Your Cholesterol Numbers Total cholesterol <180 mg/dL LDL (bad cholesterol) <100 mg/dL is recommended HDL (good cholesterol) >45 mg/dL for men and some experts say that HDL of 55 mg/dL is recommended for women

CP Saturated Fats Raise Cholesterol Whole milk Cream Ice-cream Cheeses Butter Shortening Lard Coconut oils Coconut

CP Fats that Raise Cholesterol Dietary cholesterol from animals Meats Egg yolks Dairy products Organ meats

CP Fats that Lower Cholesterol Polyunsaturated fats Safflower Corn, soy and sunflower-seed oils

CP Fats that Lower Cholesterol Monounsaturated fats Olive oil Canola oil Peanut oil

CP High Blood Pressure Causes heart to work harder than normal Causes heart and arteries to be more prone to injury

CP Risks factors for Risks factors for High Blood Pressure Heart disease Stroke Kidney failure Congestive heart failure

CP Blood Pressure is Recorded in 2 Numbers – Learn Yours! Systolic pressure (higher number) is force on blood exerted by heart when it beats Diastolic pressure (lower number) is force when heart is at rest You have high blood pressure if ≥2 measurements are >140/90 mm Hg

CP What is Blood pressure ? Blood pressure is force of blood against walls of your arteries Blood pressure is needed to move blood through your body High blood pressure is also called “hypertension” and puts you at risk for heart disease

CP Blood Pressure Guidelines* CategorySystolicDiastolic Normal<120<180 Prehypertension Hypertension Stage Stage 2≥160 ≥100 *Joint National Committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure, May 2003

CP Risk Factors of Risk Factors of High Blood Pressure Age Family history Race (minorities are at greater risk) Excess weight Stress Alcohol High salt intake (sodium)

CP Physical Inactivity Increases Your Risk of Heart Disease Exercise can help control Blood cholesterol Diabetes Obesity Blood pressure Reduces your risk of stroke

CP Elders Elders Exercising with Moderate Activities Reduce your risk of heart disease and stroke by activities totaling 30 minutes each day Walking Gardening Housework Dancing

CP Young Adults Young Adults Exercising with Vigorous Activities Exercise for a total of minutes, 3-4 times per week Aerobic dancing Brisk walking/jogging/running Rowing/swimming/tennis/racquetbal l Soccer and basketball Conditions the heart and lungs

CP Why Walk ? It uses up blood sugar Walking uses up some of your blood sugar for energy; the more you walk, the more you can lower your blood sugar It uses up fat Walking can help you lose fat; your body uses fat for energy during long walks It keeps your muscles and bones strong

CP Health Problems from Obesity and Overweight High blood pressure High blood cholesterol High triglycerides Diabetes Heart disease Stroke Losing pounds can help lower your heart disease and stroke risk

CP (BMI) Body Mass Index (BMI) Risk Levels for Adults Only HeightOverweight (lb)Obese (lb) 4 ft 10 in >142 5 ft 0 in >152 5 ft 2 in >163 5 ft 4 in >173 5 ft 6 in >185 5 ft 8 in >196 5 ft 10 in >208 6 ft 0 in >220

CP Mayo Clinic 2003 Mayo Clinic 2003 New Awareness of Stroke Facts Nation’s no. 3 killer and most common cause of long-term disability Every 3.3 minutes someone dies of a stroke 700,000 people will have a stroke this year Every 45 seconds someone will have a stroke 29% of stroke victims are >65 years of age 4.7 million stroke survivors in U.S.

CP (TIAs) Transient Ischemic Attacks (TIAs) Powerful warning sign for future stroke Stroke risk factor One third of patients who have a TIA have a stroke within 5 years TIA is a mini-stroke If you suspect that you may have had signs/symptoms of a TIA but they’ve passed, see your doctor immediately

CP Transient Ischemic Attacks Transient Ischemic Attacks Signs and Symptoms Temporary symptoms, usually lasting <1 hour and leaving no permanent effects Numbness to arm/leg/face on one side for several minutes, then recover Suddenly have trouble seeing Feel dizzy and lose your balance, then feel fine Don’t ignore these symptoms!

CP Learn How to Prevent Heart Attack or Stroke Work with your health care provider to evaluate the risk factors in your life Alter any lifestyle habits that increase your risk for heart disease and stroke

CP Heart Attack Warning Signs Uncomfortable pressure, fullness, squeezing or pain in the center of the chest that lasts more than a few minutes or goes away and comes back Pain that spreads to the shoulders, neck or arms Chest discomfort with lightheadedness, fainting, sweating, nausea or shortness of breath

CP Stroke Warning Signs Sudden numbness or weakness of face, arm or leg, especially on 1 side of body Sudden confusion, trouble speaking or understanding Sudden trouble seeing in 1 or both eyes Sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination Sudden, severe headache

CP Symptoms Not to Treat Yourself Feeling of pressure or squeezing in your chest Severe pain, especially in head, chest or radiating down 1 arm Blurred vision Trouble talking or swallowing Weakness or paralysis on one side Dizziness and confusion

CP Summary Diabetes, heart disease and stroke risks can all be reduced by the same methods Modify your diet Increase activity No smoking

CP Summary Parents can influence the risk for future generations by setting an example for their children and grandchildren Cook with low-fat methods Have healthy snacks – fruits, vegetables Walk and increase activity with family or friends

CP Summary Know your blood pressure and cholesterol numbers See your health care provider immediately if you have signs or symptoms of a stroke or heart attack Treatment is available to reduce future attacks

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