 By the end of this lesson you will be able to:  Identify weather-related risks associated with various physical activities  Analyze strategies for preventing & responding to accidental injuries related to physical activity  Identify physical activity injuries requiring professional health services for people of all ages

 Temperatures can be extremely high or extremely low.  Factors like wind, humidity, and air pollution can increase your risk of injury.  Also pay attention for weather warning for tornados, thunderstorms, or blizzards.

 Heat Cramps – muscle spasms that result from a loss of large amounts of salt and water through perspiration.  Heatstroke – a condition in which the body loses the ability to rid itself of excess heat through perspiration.  This causes Hyperthermia – a sudden increase in body temperature.  Overexertion – over working the body. This is related to hot weather problems.  Example is heat exhaustion, cold clammy skin, dizziness, headache, shortness of breathe.

 Frostbite - a condition that results when body tissue becomes frozen.  Early signs called frost nip, this is when skin becomes white.  Hypothermia – a condition in which the body temperature becomes dangerously low.  The brain can not function and the body systems begin to shut down.

 Dress in 3 layers 1. Pull moisture away from body. 2. Provide insulation. 3. To keep wind out.  70% of the body’s heat is lost through the head.  During cold weather activities start slow and be sure to warm up your muscles.  It is just as important to stay hydrated in cold weather as warm weather.

 Sunburn – is the burning of the outer layers of the skin.  Prolonged exposure to the sun can speed up the skins aging process and increase the risk of developing skin cancer.  The most dangerous hours for UV exposure are from 10:00 am to 4:00 pm.

 Cover as must as your body as possible when outside and wear broad-brimmed hats.  Use sunscreen and lip balm of at least 15 SPF.  Apply sunscreen 30 minutes before going outside and every 2 hours that you are in the sun.  Also put sunscreen on again after swimming.

 Muscle Cramp – is a spasm or sudden tightening of a muscle.  Strain – a condition resulting from damaging a muscle or tendon.  Sprain – is a injury to the ligament surrounding a joint.

 R.I.C.E.  R est - avoid using the affected joint.  I ce – this helps to reduce swelling. Ice for 20 minutes then remove for 20 minutes.  C ompression – light pressure through the use of an elastic bandage can help to reduce swelling.  E levation – Raise the affect limb above the level of the heart to reduce pain and swelling.

 Fracture and Dislocations –  fractures are any break in a bone. Fractures require immobilization to heal.  Dislocations are when a bone is forced from it normal position in a joint.  Tendonitis – condition in which the tendons are stretched and torn from overuse.  Concussion – is a result from a blow to the head and can cause swelling of the brain, resulting in unconsciousness or even death.

 What is hypothermia? With which types of weather is this condition often associated?  Analyze & describe strategies for preventing muscle soreness after a workout.  Identify which injuries described in this lesson require the attention of professional health services.  Explain why muscle cramps might be more dangerous for a swimmer than for a jogger.