Baroque World. New Spirit 1600s Roman Catholic Church Counter-Reformation Baroque.

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Presentation transcript:

Baroque World

New Spirit 1600s Roman Catholic Church Counter-Reformation Baroque

French and Portuguese roots Affect all of Europe Cultural achievement –Music –Art –Architecture –Variety

General Characteristics Strong emotional statements Psychology of Exploration Invention of new and daring techniques

Baroque Examples

Visual Arts

Michelangelo Merisi, or Carravaggio ( ) Controversial in own lifetime Drastically different style

Examples

The Calling of St. Matthew,

Detail

Artemisia Gentileschi – Tassi Trial Great renown in her own lifetime Dialog with artists of the day

Gentileschi, Judith and Holofernes, c.1620

Comparison

Sculpture and Architecture

Bernini, St. Teresa in Ecstasy,

Detail

Baroque in France

Académie des Beaux Arts 1 st exhibition 1667 Standards and values Prizes offered

Nicolas Poussin C Reject Caravaggio’s style Work was a protest Nostalgia in art

Poussin, Et in Arcadia Ego, c.1630

Comparison

Hyacinthe Rigaud ( ) Popular & respected Louis XIV, 1701 –Parody? –Extravagant lifestyle –Baroque ideal in France

Palace of Versailles Famous palace of the French kings Chief architects –Louis Le Vau –François d'Orbay Architecture with an agenda

Versailles

Sun King

Hall of Mirrors

Gardens

Spanish Baroque

El Greco Domeniko Theotokopoulos Contrast in work

Diego Velázquez ( ) Combines elements of French & Italian Baroque Subject matter is diverse

Velázquez, Las Meninas, 1656

Baroque Art in Northern Europe

Peter Paul Rubens Universal painter Active Contented personal life

Rubens, Rape of the Daughters of Leucippus, c.1618

Vermeer ( ) Art forgotten until 19 th century Inner depth of feeling prominent Details

A Lady Drinking and a Gentleman

Details

Rembrandt van Rijin – artistic turning point Famous for self portraits Biblical subjects at end of life

The Night Watchmen

Self Portraits

Music

Key Points Familiarity & wide appeal Pleasure for listener Flexibility of style

Opera Universal appeal Starts in Florence Conceived intellectually –Camerata Two women Male and female

Opera Universal appeal Starts in Florence Conceived intellectually –Camerata Two women Male and female

Euridice Earliest extant opera Jacopo Peri Performed at the wedding of Henry IV & Marie de Medici Based on a classical myth

Claudio Monteverdi L’Orfero –1 st popular opera Sets the standard for later operas

Growth of the Opera Italy primary but will spread throughout Europe Melodrama & Sensation Lavish spectacles Arias, Oratorio, Sonata Aria Oratorio

Growth of the Opera Italy primary but will spread throughout Europe Melodrama & Sensation Lavish spectacles Arias, Oratorio, Sonata Aria Oratorio

George Frederick Handel Messiah (1742)

Johann Sebastian Bach Devout Lutheran Intellectual and spiritual Large quantity of music left behind Virtually unknown in his own lifetime

Johann Sebastian Bach Devout Lutheran Intellectual and spiritual Large quantity of music left behind Virtually unknown in his own lifetime

Literature in the Baroque Period

Miguel de Cervantes Don Quixote –1605 –First modern novel –Comic satire

King James Bible 1611 “Biblical Style” Hugely influential

Philosophy & Science in the Baroque Period

Galileo Galilee Changed the world in 2 ways –Proved Copernicus right –Founder of modern physics

René Descartes Father of Modern Philosophy Discourse on Methods (1637) Meditations (1641)

Thomas Hobbes Different thinker Politics rather than philosophy Leviathan –Shocks everyone

John Locke Paves way for Enlightenment “An Essay Concerning Human Understanding” –Blank slate