Observing We observe when we use one or more of our senses to find out about objects, events, or living things An observation is a FACT learned directly through the senses. Sight Touch Smell taste

Observing What it is How we observe Use as many senses as Fact possible Never taste unless told! Describe only what you observe with your senses. Notice changes. Describe Before, during and after changes. Fact 5 Senses: Sight Touch Smell Taste sound

Observing I see _________ I feel _________ I hear ________ I smell _______ I taste_______ ****Do NOT name what you are observing. Just DESCRIBE.

Observing Qualitative – describe qualities (features and descriptions) The eye appears to be green. The kid is eating a red strawberry. Quantitative – describe quantities (amounts) I see four pictures on this slide The hand has five fingers

Classifying – To Sort/Organize We classify when we use observations to group objects or events according to similarities and differences. One category Two categories Many categories Producers Consumers

Classifying What it is How we classify Divide a set of objects into 2 or more groups based on 1 property Continue to divide the groups based on more observations Create diagram or chart of groups Grouping objects or events based on similarities or differences

Inferring We infer when we use our past experiences and background knowledge to draw conclusions and make explanations about events not directly observed It looks like water, It feels like water, It pours like water

Inferring Vs. Observations Any information collected with the senses. measureable or countable 3 meters long 4 marbles 50 kilograms 35 degrees Celsius describable, not measureable red flowers smells like fresh baked cookies Tastes bitter The skill of describing scientific events INFERENCE Conclusions or deductions based on observations. The process of drawing a conclusion from given evidence. Practice: Observations: I hear people screaming I smell cotton candy, popcorn, and hamburgers I see a lot of people Inference = ?

Examples Observations II see that the plant is extremely wilted. It sounds like the car stopped running The Titans are leading their division Inferences That plant is extremely wilted due to a lack of water. The car stooped running because it was out of gas. The Titans are leading their division because they are playing well right now.

Look at these two sets of animal tracks. List 3 OBSERVATIONS Make an INFERENCE

Now what do you think? Make 3 OBSERVATIONS Make an INFERENCE

Now what do you think? Make 3 OBSERVATIONS Make an INFERENCE

Inferring What it is How we infer Observe object or event Use past experiences to explain what you observed Make new observations to decide if your inference is acceptable Use past experiences to make explanations

Hypothesize A hypothesis is an educated guess A possible explanation for a set of observations or answer to a scientific question A hypothesis is something that can be tested BASED ON RESEARCH: You should be able to give reasons why you chose your hypothesis. Hypotheses can either be supported or disproved

Predicting What will happen in the future? Use observations and background knowledge to make predictions about the future. You state the anticipated outcomes of new or changed situations using your previous / past/ prior knowledge, experiences, and observations. I believe that the egg will float in salt water and sink in fresh water. I think it is going to rain because it looks cloudy outside. A forecast of future events. Based on your observations. Based on cause and effect relationships (since this happened, then this will happen). Should be more accurate as you get more information.

Analyzing Studying results, evidence or data very closely Examining information very closely