Genius is one per cent inspiration, ninety-nine per cent perspiration. --Thomas Edison ( )

I. What can workers do? Strike Riot Slow downs Industrial sabotage Protest

Collective Bargaining Union members represent the workers and negotiate with management

DEC 6, 2012 R.A.W. Why didn’t the government do anything to help workers? AIMAIM : 36 How did Unions fight back?

Early Unions: pg, Knights of Labor AFL ILGWU Founder? Who was allowed in? How big did it get? What did they want? Why were they formed?

DEC 6, 2012 R.A.W. What was the main difference between the Knights of Labor and the AFL? Why was the ILGWU formed? AIMAIM : 37 What was the result of most early strikes?

“An injury to one is a concern for all.” --Terrence V. Powderly

“Show me a country in which there are no strikes and I will show you a country in which there is no liberty.” --S. Gompers

STRIKE! Pg RR Strike. Haymarket Riot Homestead Strike Pullman Strike Why? Union response Company response Government Action Public Feeling

Cotton Mill

I. Laissez-Faire The belief that the government should not become involved in the affairs of business. Government has no role in helping working people. Hands Off!

II. The R i s e of Labor Unions Employers held too much power over the lives of their workers Could lower wages and fire them at will

Injunction: Court order forcing striking workers back to work. In ALL disputes between workers and owners before 1900 the government will always side with the owners !!!

URBAN = City

NYC, 1900

RURAL = Country

America prior to the shift towards Business & Industry 1600s-Civil War

I. What conditions were workers facing? Long hours Low wages Unsafe conditions No benefits Immigrant prejudice

I. Owners Fight Back Strikebreakers(Scabs): Workers hired to replace striking workers. Lockouts: Lock workers out of factory until union is broken. Yellow Dog Contract: Workers sign a contract promising not to join a union.

I.Haymarket Square Riot - May 4, 1886 Chicago police advance on protestors (Knights of Labor) A dynamite bomb was thrown into the crowd killing several dozen including cops Knights of Labor were considered too violent and anarchists

II. Impact of the American Union Between there were 23,000 strikes involving 6,610,000 workers $450 million dollars lost by workers & employers 1894 Congress passed Labor Day as a national holiday Most Industrial Owners came to fear costly work stoppages

III. Results of Labor Unions Shorter Hours: 8-10 More pay (Minimum wage.) Safer conditions(Building codes, fire laws.) Restriction of child labor. Respect for working people.

I. Labor Unions The Knights of Labor: Founded by Terence V. Powderly. Included all workers. Skilled/unskilled. Membership of 700,000 by 1886.

The American Federation of Labor(AFL): 1881 Founded by Samuel Gompers. Only Skilled workers allowed. Shorter hours, higher wages, better conditions. 1.6 million members by 1904.

International ladies Garment Workers Union(ILGWU): 1911 Founded by Mary Harris Jones. Safer working conditions. Formed after Triangle Shirtwaist Fire.

“ there are no limits to which powers of privilege will not go to keep the workers in slavery.” Mary Harris (Mother) Jones

I. Laissez-Faire The belief that the government should not become involved in the affairs of business. Government has no role in helping working people. Hands Off!

More !!

I. Labor Unions The Knights of Labor: Founded by Terence V. Powderly. Included all workers. Skilled/unskilled. Membership of 700,000 by 1886.

The American Federation of Labor(AFL): 1881 Founded by Samuel Gompers. Only Skilled workers allowed. Shorter hours, higher wages, better conditions. 1.6 million members by 1904.

International ladies Garment Workers Union(ILGWU): 1911 Founded by Mary Harris Jones. Safer working conditions. Formed after Triangle Shirtwaist Fire.

Strike: Deliberate work stoppage. Boycott: Refusing to buy the products of a company. Picket Line: Staged protest in front of a business.

Industrial Sabotage: Destruction of company machines. Publicity: Public criticism of a company. Newspapers. LABOR UNIONS

What do you want from management? Lets Play!!!!

VII. Impact of the American Union Between there were 23,000 strikes involving 6,610,000 workers $450 million dollars lost by workers & employers Under 50% of the disputes won by the unions 1894 Congress passed Labor Day as a national holiday Most Industrial Owners came to fear costly work stoppages

2 All Star Questions!!!! !

In most major labor disputes that occurred in the late 1800s, the federal government 1.Supported organized labor unions 2.Supported management 3.Did not become involved in strikes 4.Treated both sides fairly.

Which development was a result of the other three? 1. Poor working conditions 2. Twelve hour work day 3. Formation of labor unions 4. Low pay for workers

Chicago at the turn of the Century RAW : What do you see?

A. The Purpose of Unions: TO IMPROVE WORKING CONDITIONS Keep wages respectable Provide protection for workers ?? How do Unions achieve their goals?

“An injury to one is a concern for all.” --Terrence V. Powderly

Haymarket Square Riot - May 4, 1886 Chicago police advance on protestors (Knights of Labor) A dynamite bomb was thrown into the crowd killing several dozen including cops Knights of Labor were considered too violent and anarchists

More !!

A. Results of Labor Unions Shorter Hours: 8-10 More pay (Minimum wage.) Safer conditions(Building codes, fire laws.) Restriction of child labor.

Respect for working people. “Show me a country in which there are no strikes and I will show you a country in which there is no liberty.” --S. Gompers

In most major labor disputes that occurred in the late 1800s, the federal government 1.Supported organized labor unions 2.Supported management 3.Did not become involved in strikes 4.Treated both sides fairly.

Which development was a result of the other three? 1. Poor working conditions 2. Twelve hour work day 3. Formation of labor unions 4. Low pay for workers

Dec 1, 2003 R.A.W. List two ways that Unions could fight back. AIMAIM : 3 How did Unions begin to fight?

Dec 6, 2004 R.A.W. Vocab Quiz TODAY AIMAIM : 4 What were the blessings and curses of Industrial expansion in America?

Curses of Industrial Expansion -Working Conditions -long hours, low wages, unsafe, child labor, no security, poorly ventilated, no fire codes, broke down families, no job protection, no benefits

Blessings -makes the production of goods -easier, faster, cheaper (assembly line) -makes the transportation of these goods -easier, faster, cheaper -brings about the rise of -cities, industry, big business, more powerful weapons -technological advancements (inventions) -scientific discovery (medical) -allowed for women to enter the workforce -labor unions & reform laws