Chapter 10 Part 2 Review “Improved Transportation ”

the first public road in present day WV

Eastern Panhandle, from Winchester to Martinsburg Morgan Morgan’s home

made it possible to carry large loads

Conestoga Wagon

A form of transportation that was faster and more comfortable than the Conestoga wagon Stagecoach

Also called the Midland Trail

Kanawha Turnpike ( U.S. 60)

Main route across western Virginia in the early 1800s James River and Kanawha Turnpike

connected Cumberland to Wheeling

National Road

Madonna of the Trail Statue on the National Road at the edge of Wheeling Park

Designed the Staunton and Parkersburg Turnpike Claudius Crozet

fee to use a road, to pay for the upkeep of the road

tolls

Swinging barrier on a toll road

pike

Rest stops for travelers and animals, became social centers

Old Stone House, Red Horse Tavern on the Northwest Turnpike Now U.S. 50

inns and taverns

In what ways was social class not observed in the early taverns in America? 1.Rooms were rented on a “first come, first served” basis 2.Rank was not observed 3.Accommodations were shared

social center at White Sulfur Springs

Greenbrier Hotel

main means of crossing large rivers

ferries

Operated a ferry in the eastern panhandle Robert Harper

a shallow place to cross a stream or river ford

Raft with sides, could be covered, carried people or property, pushed by poles, traveled downstream

Flatboats

flatboat

Built because of problems with the ferry at the end of the National Road

Wheeling Bridge

Wheeling Suspension Bridge 1899

Bow shaped to cut through water, keel made it possible to steer, powered by pushing poles, could go upstream

Keelboats

Keelboat

European development was being used by American Bridge designers and builders

Covered bridge Mud River- Milton Cabell County

Dents Run Monongalia County

Fish Creek Wetezel County

Indian Creek Monroe County

Locus Creek Pocahontas County

What two of Chenoweth’s bridges are still in use today?

Barrackville

Philippi

Barrackville - Philippi

WV’s premier bridge builder

Lemuel Chenoweth

Join one river with another

canal

James River and Kanawha Canal

Could carry tons of goods, pulled by one mule, on the canal Barges

Large boats powered by steam engines, capable of going upstream and carrying large amounts of cargo and many passengers Steamboats

Developed his boat at Bath, Berkeley Springs Adapted the steam engine to water transportation

James Rumsey

Shepherdstown

Rumsey Monument at Shepherdstown

Built the first steamboat with boilers on the first deck, creating a very shallow draft. He piloted the first steamboat upstream from New Orleans to Louisville Henry Shreve

In 1915 where could you walk across the Kanawha River?

Morgan’s Landing

his steamboat, The Clermont, was demonstrated from New York to Albany

Robert Fulton

one who provides the funds for an undertaking financier

Helped finance construction of steamboats to travel on the Ohio and Mississippi rivers. Financed Robert Fulton’s steamboat Nicholas J. Roosevelt

Was launched to ship goods on the Ohio and Miss. By Nicholas Roosevelt, The first steamboat to travel the Ohio and Mississippi rivers

“New Orleans”

Helped to keep cars on the tracks

flanged

Steamboat built from timber of old Fort Henry

“Washington”

Rev. War officer, built a steam locomotive in New Jersey

John Stevens

Built the steam engine Tom Thumb that raced the stagecoach

Peter Cooper’s steam engine, Tom Thumb, lost a race with a stagecoach when a belt broke

Peter Cooper

railroad that existed in western Virginia before the Civil War B&O

Most outstanding engineering marvel of the B&O

Tunnel at Tunnelton

First horizontal boiler

“Lafayette”

Who laid the last stone in the B&O

Charles Carroll

the last station at the end of a railroad line terminus

Where the B&O terminated

Wheeling

B&O Railroad Building

Three problems with ferries

Fees, interruptions, high water, dusk to dawn

Three problems with river travel

Falls, rapids, low water level

suitable for a boat to sail on navigable

Advantages of RR over canals

Weather, froze in winter, limited to connecting rivers

Did not freeze, did not require close care like horses, could go anywhere

List the different roles that the B&O played in the development of WV

Economic development Helped North in Civil War Helped create towns