Motivations Performance Analysis Artistic
Visualization for Performance
Common Notations Modern western notation Guitar tablature Klavar notation Gregorian chant notation Byzantine chant notation
Common Notations Modern western notation Guitar tablature Klavar notation Gregorian chant notation Byzantine chant notation
Common Notations Modern western notation Guitar tablature Klavar notation Gregorian chant notation Byzantine chant notation
Common Notations Modern western notation Guitar tablature Klavar notation Gregorian chant notation Byzantine chant notation
Common Notations Modern western notation Guitar tablature Klavar notation Gregorian chant notation Byzantine chant notation
Byzantine Chant Notation Liturgical chant of Greek Orthodox Church Used throughout Byzantine empire ( ) Current use is uncommon monophonic
Byzantine Chant Notation 72 notes in octave Symbols indicate: –Relative pitch change –Manner in which note is sung –Duration of note One of several modes and a start note picked initially Microtonal variations important
Development of Western Notation Textual markup Gregorian chant notation Modern notation Contemporary experimentation
Neume Markup Used in 10 th and 11 th centuries Lines and curves written above text Indicates rough melodic shape Memory aid to singers
Gregorian Chant Developed by Guido d’ Arezzo ( ) Staff + clef indicates pitch Monophonic More verbose, but more precise
Modern Notation Evolved from Gregorian chant Essentially unchanged since 17 th century Evolved `organically’ Symbolic graphical language
Axes
Note Symbols
Rest Symbols
Beaming
Other Durations
Duration Symbols
Barlines
The Staff
Staff Color
Pitch
Multiple Voices
Notational Flexibility
Evolving Notation
Contemporary
Color
Indeterminacy
General Observations Rich symbolic vocabulary Flexible notation Tailored for human perception Legacy baggage Not intended for novices
Klavar Notation Intended for easy piano performance Invented 1931 – sill in use Vertical axis for time (top to bottom)
Klavar Notation Staff lines correspond to piano keys Vertical distance gives absolute time Duration inferred from context or with special symbol
Guitar Tablature Staff lines correspond to strings Numbers indicate fret Time is only roughly represented
Visualization for Analysis
Music Animation Machine Shows actions of voices using animation Intended for beginners
Sonograms
Examples
Keysacpes Shows results of a key-finding algorithm Displays different window sizes and positions
Examples
Dotplots Matrix of segment distances Like an adjacency matrix of a graph
Audio vs. Score
Actual vs. Midi
Shape of Song Method of showing repetition within a sequence
Showing Repetition
Examples Bach Chopin MadonnaGlass
Examples