SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR1

SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR2 OVERVIEW Motivations & Objectives Development Tools Digital Audio Effects Target Traditional Instrument Analysis Model Explanations Results & Discussions Conclusion & Recommendations

SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR3 MOTIVATIONS Difficulties in obtaining most of traditional musical instruments Time consumption on learning new methods of playing traditional instruments Limitations of notes produced on certain traditional musical instruments Availabilities of western musical instruments simulators

SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR4 OBJECTIVE Develop a program that simulates a traditional musical instrument (Kecapi) by using an easily accessible instrument (Electric Guitar)

SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR5 One of the most common music instrument String type which is suitable for string type traditional ones TOOLS - Guitar

SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR6 Indonesian traditional music instrument Sound produced by the sound hole TOOLS - Kecapi

SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR7 Guitar vs Kecapi Comparison on notes produced

SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR8 Transducer – Air pressure to electrical signals Used in recording Kecapi sound Microphone are selected based on : –Frequency response –Frequency range Shure SM57 are selected due to its balance on both specifications stated above as well as the cost TOOLS – Microphone

SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR9 TOOLS – Microphone (Comparison) Common House Microphone Shure SM62 Shure SM57

SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR10 TOOLS - Simulink MATLAB add-on Graphical environment in developing simulations Based on flow of signal trough various type of blocks Signal flow lines Simulink Blockset Running simulation

SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR11 TOOLS - Simulink Tools used in developing the model

SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR12 TOOLS – Wavelab 5 Audio recording & editing software used in editing recorded kecapi sound

SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR13 DIGITAL AUDIO EFFECTS - Equalizer Equalization (EQ) is the process of boosting or cutting certain frequency components of a signal. By applying some filters, audio signal of the source will be equalized to a desired output

SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR14 Product of more than one source playing a same sound in unison The imperfection of the combination causes chorus effect DIGITAL AUDIO EFFECTS – Chorus 1

SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR15 Parameters in configuring a chorus effect : Sweep Depth Number of voices Delay Rate DIGITAL AUDIO EFFECTS – Chorus 2 Rate

SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR16 The number of voices is simply the number of delayed signal added to the output DIGITAL AUDIO EFFECTS – Chorus 3

SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR17 Reverberation is the result of the many reflections of a sound that occurs in a room Reflected sound is a minimally delayed signal of the source Reverberation also occur in a sound box of an instrument DIGITAL AUDIO EFFECTS - Reverberation

SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR18 MODELING PROCESS Two main parts : Analyzing target instrument (Kecapi) –Time domain –Frequency domain –Auditory Synthesizing the effect model (Simulink) –Applying analysis results –Configuring Simulink block parameters

SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR19 TARGET INSTRUMENT ANALYSIS 1 Time domain analysis Envelope fluctuates in kecapi Chorus effect are suggested to occur Similar string notes resonates each other Trough listening, the ‘watery’ sound normally caused by a chorus effect

SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR20 TARGET INSTRUMENT ANALYSIS 2 Frequency domain analysis Kecapi contains more high frequency components Fundamental frequency of the note is lower in amplitude in a guitar A combination of filters is needed in order to equalize the electric guitar frequencies

SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR21 MAIN MODEL Simulation model developed based on analysis Human auditory system is most important tool in the overall design of the model Main components : Equalizer, Chorus & Reverberation Additional gain used to increase the volume of the manipulated signals

SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR22 SUBSYSTEM – Equalizer 1 Why ? To equalize the electric guitar frequency components to a kecapi Where ? Earlier part of the model to replicate the source (strings) How ? A low-pass and a high-pass filter

SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR23 Low-pass filter with a cut off frequency of 2kHz Actually a band pass filter with a band pass frequency of 10Hz to 90Hz Not able to get a flat response for these values SUBSYSTEM – Equalizer 2

SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR24 SUBSYSTEM – Bypass Filter How? - High-pass filter with cut off frequency of 2kHz Where ? - Certain frequency components of the signal will bypass the chorus subsystem Why? - Higher frequency notes has slight chorus effect Thinner strings which produces high frequency sound has less effects on thicker strings of the same note (resonance)

SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR25 SUBSYSTEM – Chorus 1 How? – three variably delayed signals (voice) with different delay variables (chorus parameters) Where? – After filters equalized the signal Why? – Similar note strings resonates each other Voice gain values determines its volume Three voice chorus selected since there is three similar string notes excluding the played string

SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR26 SUBSYSTEM – Chorus 2 Rate Sine wave generator used as a Low frequency oscillator (LFO) Every voice has different amplitudes and frequency (Rate)

SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR27 SUBSYSTEM - Reverberation How? – constantly delayed signal added to the original signal Where? – final part of the model Why? – Reflections of the sound wave in the sound hole of the kecapi Number of voices are are three due to the same reason as chorus

SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR28 RESULTS & DISCUSSIONS The system is able to fairly produce the desired results Hearing the resultant audio sound is the best way of concluding the results Frequency & time domain plot comparison also referred as a benchmark for the results

SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR29 COMPARISON – Time Domain Envelope fluctuations are visible but not as smooth as the original kecapi sound Kecapi produces chorus and reverberation effects naturally (wood, hollow body design). Where the system developed relies on digital signal processing Enhance filters, chorus & reverb parameters. Use 24-bit in processing audio (high resolution, less quantization error) GuitarModel OutputKecapi

SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR30 COMPARISON – Frequency Domain Model output shows significant gain in higher frequencies of the guitar signal Noise introduced in the output The use of compressor in recording a guitar signal reduce the gain amount needed in the higher frequencies Guitar Model Output Kecapi

SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR31 COMPARISON – Real Audio Compares the sound of 3 sources of sound; electric guitar, kecapi as well as model output Sample of a similar single note by each source Sample of a short music produce by these sources

SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR32 CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the objectives stated in this project has been achieved by referring to the results obtained The usage of effects included in the model gives a good result but has plenty of room to improvise mainly in terms of its parameters and tools used With this achievement, traditional music may be easily produced and creatively expands a traditional musical instrument usage

SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR33 RECOMMENDATIONS Further develop a model to simulate other traditional instruments especially string instruments Compile as a stand alone program rather than running it in Simulink Realize certain amount of traditional instruments simulation onto a DSP board Improve tools quality to produce better results

SYED SYAHRIL TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SIMULATOR FOR GUITAR34