Probability and Punnett Squares 10.2 con’t..  Punnett squares are used to calculate the probabilities of genetic outcomes if the genetic makeup of the.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Chapter 10: Mendel and Meiosis September

Advertisements

Genetics: an Introduction

Punnett Squares Step by step how to guide. Putting it together Alleles represented by letters –Capital letters = dominant (T) –Lowercase letters = recessive.

Punnett Squares Using a diagram to help predict offspring in genetic crosses.

Mendel’s Law of Heredity

So I am looking at 2 characters how many traits am I studying? I WANT PURPLE FLOWERED, YELLOW- SEEDED PEA PLANTS.

Chapter 5. Mendel’s Work  Gregor Mendel’s work allowed us to understand why plants and animals are the way they are.  Hereditary is the passing of physical.

Genotype vs Phenotype Genotype: An organism’s genetic makeup which consists of the alleles that an organism inherits from it’s parents (ex: Ee, EE, or.

Genetics Chapter 8. Gregor Mendel: Father of Genetics Genetics: study of heredity Heredity: passing traits from parent to offspring Used peas to study.

Introduction to Genetics Chapter 9. Heredity Transmission of characteristics form parents to offspring.

9-2: Genetic Crosses Help to predict the genetic makeup + appearance of offspring.

Who is this man?. That was Gregor Mendel, the “Father of Genetics”. He was a scientist and a monk who lived in the 19th century in Austria. He became.

11.2 Applying Mendel’s Principles

11.2 Applying Mendel’s Principles

Patterns of Inheritance Ch Objectives 1.Mendel’s methods 2.Explain the principal of segregation 3.Genotype vs. Phenotype 4.Principal of independent.

WHAT IS PROBABILITY? Punnett Squares & Probability.

Mendel’s Law of Heredity Chapter 10, Section 1. The Father of Genetics Gregor Mendel’s experiments founded many of the principles of Genetics we use today.

Unit 4: Mendelian Genetics Section 2- Mendelian Inheritance.

SINGLE TRAIT PUNNETT SQUARE Tt T t T t ¼ Punnett Squares.

Genetic Crosses Section 9.2. Genotype  The genetic makeup of an organism  Consists of the alleles that the organism inherits from its parents  Example:

Mendel and Meiosis Learning Goal: predict possible outcomes of various genetic combinations such as monohybrid crosses.

Inheritance of Traits.

Objective: What is the purpose of a testcross in genetics? Do Now: Black hair: B Blonde hair: b What would the gene combination look like for someone.

Introduction to Genetics Ch 9. The Work of Gregor Mendel A. The branch of biology that studies heredity is called genetics. B. Gregor Mendel is considered.

11.1 Gregor Mendel  Observed traits in offspring when pea plants were cross pollinated (pp )  A parent that was pure for a trait was crossed with.

Chapter 4 Probability and Heredity

Genetic Crosses How to predict the probable genetic makeup and appearance of offspring resulting from specified crosses.

Monday 11/16/15 Learning Goal: Determine how probability helps explain the results of genetic crosses. Warm-up: What is codominance? Homework: Packet pages.

7.2.9 Students know plant and animal cells contain many thousands of different genes and typically have two copies of every gene. The two copies (or alleles)

Genetics. Gregor Mendel: Father of Genetics Genetics: study of heredity Heredity: passing traits from parent to offspring Used peas to study heredity.

The study of inheritance of traits.  Austrian Monk  Studied how traits were passed from parent to offspring  His ideas forms the foundation for the.

POINT > Review some genetics vocabulary POINT > Define genotype and phenotype POINT > Define homozygous and heterozygous POINT > Use a Punnett Square.

Introduction to Genetics

The Punnett Square Approach and Probability

GENETICS CH. 12 (and 10.1).

Punnett squares illustrate genetic crosses.

Mendel, Heredity and Punnett Squares

Punnett Squares Part1 Unit 10 Lesson 2.

4.2 Probability and Genetics

Mendelian Genetics (Genetics History)

Mendel and Meiosis September

GENETIC NOTES Mrs. Callan 2017.

Mendelian Genetics Chapter 10.2.

Notes – Punnett Squares

Dihybrid Genetics.

Genetics Notes Chapter 13.

10.2 Mendel’s Patterns.

Punnett Squares & Probability

Punnett squares illustrate genetic crosses.

GENETICS -2A Gregor Mendel.

Punnett Squares & Probability

Mendel and Punnett Squares

Mendel and Genetics.

Genetics: Understanding Heredity

Section 2: Probability and Heredity

Punnett Squares.

Ch.11-2 Applying Mendel’s Principles

11.2 Applying Mendel’s Principles

11.2 – Applying Mendel’s Principles

Objective: predict possible outcomes of various genetic combinations

Law of independent assortment

Punnett Square Notes.

Predicting genetic outcomes

Genotype & Phenotype 1. Introduction

Punnett Squares & Probability

10.2 Mendel’s Patterns.

Punnett Squares & Probability

Punnett Practice A cross between 2 heterozygous plants yields 1252 offspring. How many are dominant and how many are recessive?

Presentation transcript:

Probability and Punnett Squares 10.2 con’t.

 Punnett squares are used to calculate the probabilities of genetic outcomes if the genetic makeup of the parents is known.

 Genotype is the genetic makeup or the combination of alleles an individual has. –Ex: PP, Pp, pp, Bb, or bb  Phenotype is an observable trait of an individual. –Ex: purple, white, brown or blue…

 Testcross are used to determine the unknown genotype of an individual with a dominate phenotype.  A purple pea flower could have a genotype PP or Pp. Crossing the plant with a homozygous recessive plant and observing the offspring will identify the unknown genotype of the purple pea.

If the unknown is PP, and a testcross is done with a white flower (pp) then the offspring will all be purple (Pp). PP pPpPp pPpPp

If the unknown is Pp, and a testcross is done with a white flower (pp) then the offspring will be 50% purple (Pp) and 50% white (pp). Pp pPppp pPppp

 Mendel studied 7 traits of pea plants and determined what was dominate and recessive. See fig 10.4 p209.  Dihybrid cross predicts the probability of offspring with two traits.

 Through dihybrid crosses, Mendel discoved that traits randomly mix. –Principle of independent assortment.  Ex: Purple flowers could be on tall or short plants. Or yellow seeds could be wrinkled or smooth. –The traits do not pass onto the offspring in the same combination as in the parents..

Ex. Tall Purple X short white (TTPP) X (ttpp) TPTPTPTP tpTtPpTtPpTtPpTtPp tpTtPpTtPpTtPpTtPp tpTtPpTtPpTtPpTtPp tpTtPpTtPpTtPpTtPp What is the outcome of the F1 genetation?

Ex. Tall Purple X short white (TTPP) X (ttpp) TPTPTPTP tpTtPpTtPpTtPpTtPp tpTtPpTtPpTtPpTtPp tpTtPpTtPpTtPpTtPp tpTtPpTtPpTtPpTtPp F1’s are all heterozygous, tall purple pea plants

 If you crossed the F1’s, what would be the outcome of the F2’s ?  TtPp X TtPp ?  You must first figure out the possible combinations of alleles that the parents can give to the offspring. Remember that only one allele from each trait is passed on.  ???? Do you have them????

 TP, Tp, tP and tp  Now set up the dihybrid cross Punnett square.

Complete the cross and find the genotypic and phenotypic results. TPTptPtp TP Tp tP tp