The Prussian State The "Sparta of the North".

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Presentation transcript:

The Prussian State The "Sparta of the North"

Historical Background Prussia composed of 3 non-contiguous territories Prussia in Poland - capital Königsberg Brandenburg - capital Berlin Scattered holdings along Rhine River in Western Germany Prussia is Germanic island in Slavic territory conquered during “The northern crusades in the middle ages. Brandenburg is a sandy and swamp filled marsh with no defensible borders

Hohenzollern Castle in Stuttgart Hohenzollern Dynasty Hohenzollerns described as "spectators to the 30 years war" Hohenzollern family rises to prominence after 30 years war as one of the six electors of the Holy Roman Empire - called the electors of Brandenburg 1618 - Inherit Dukedom of Prussia from junior branch of family that dies out Hohenzollern Castle in Stuttgart

The Road to Absolutism Frederick William (r.1640-1688) also known as the Great Elector comes to Prussian throne at age 20 Decides to unite his 3 disparate territories by diplomacy and war if necessary Ignores the rights of Prussian and Brandenburg nobles in their representative assemblies Levies new taxes on Junkers and peasants without consent of the Estates of Brandenburg and Prussia

Do as the French do... 1660- Frederick William raises taxes to create the first standing Prussian Army Wars with Sweden for control of the Baltic Sea and wars with Louis XIV create climate of perpetual crisis Allows monarch to further consolidate power around military

The Prussian Spirit Frederick III (r. 1688-1713) "the Ostentacious" is retitled King Frederick I of Prussia Imitated Louis XIV lifestyle and extravagance Frederick William I (r. 1713-1740) called the "soldier-king" cements Prussia's role as a military state Strict military values dominate society

Might makes right Frederick William I' philosophy "a formidable army and a war chest large enough to make this army mobile in times of need can create great respect for you in the world, so that you can speak a word like other powers."