INDONESIA INFRASTRUCTURE INITIATIVE A Safe System Supporting Vulnerable Road Users Dr Dale Andrea VicRoads International

2 UN Decade of Action for Road Safety 1.3 million people killed on the world’s roads each year Around 50 million people are injured, many remain disabled for life. Economic cost of road injuries to developing countries US$100 Billion per year Road crashes are preventable!

3 UN Decade of Action for Road Safety 46% Pedestrian, cyclists and motorized two- wheels riders and passengers 6% Others 48% Car occupants 46% of road traffic deaths are pedestrians, cyclists and motorcyclists

4 Safe System Supporting Vulnerable Road Users (VRUs) Safe Speed All VRUs benefit from lower speed Low speeds enforced Supported by infrastructure Safe Roads Separation of VRUs and traffic Traffic calming Dedicated infrastructure Safe crossings Safe Road Users Safe choices Comply with law Education & promotion Safety management Agency coordination Monitoring & evaluation Funding strategies

5 Safe Speed Risk of being killed by vehicle speed Need to get speeds under 40 km/h for vulnerable road users For vulnerable road users … “The safety level is determined by the speed level. Other countermeasures are only fine tuning” - Spolander, 1999

6 Safe Speed – moderating speed to under 40km/h Countermeasures Lower speed limits with clear effective signing Police enforcement (or automated camera enforcement) Signing of police enforcement areas Speed monitoring trailers Traffic calming measures Education and promotion KECEPATAN MEMBUNUH

7 Safe Roads – infrastructure supporting road users Road infrastructure that supports people to use the road safety and comply with laws, manage conflicts between different types of traffic and separates vulnerable road users. Pedestrians and Bicyclists Walking and cycling facilities need to be: Accessible Welcoming Convenient Safe

8 Safe Roads – infrastructure supporting road users Common problems for pedestrians: Sidewalk surfaces in poor repair, such as uneven or broken concrete Street traders/markets have their stalls on the sidewalk Motorcycles and bicycles are parked on the sidewalk High bus stop locations (shelters) built into the sidewalk, prevent pedestrians from walking past Lack of safe places to cross the road Critical to separate pedestrians from traffic – time, space & protection!

9 Safe Roads – infrastructure supporting road users

10 Safe Roads – infrastructure supporting road users Countermeasures: Pedestrian crossing facilities suited to the speed environment Signalised (eg. Pelican crossing) Pedestrian refuge island Kerb extensions to minimise crossing distance Zebra crossings for lower speeds, considering – Raised pavements – Marked pavements – ZOSS with crossing guards

11 Safe Roads – infrastructure supporting road users

12 Safe Roads – infrastructure supporting road users Countermeasures: Traffic Calming Speed humps, tables or cushions Lane narrowing by paint, posts or kerbs Road realignment, diversions or closures Surface treatments like rumble strips Clear signing, markings and lighting Pedestrian and cycling only zones Appropriate speed limits, restrictions and gateway treatments Separation of pedestrians and traffic wherever possible Effective planning in key pedestrian areas Assess trading areas to ensure there is effective and safe pedestrian movements and safe areas to park Assess school entrances and drop-off areas

13 Safe Roads – infrastructure supporting road users Countermeasures: “If we build it, they will come” Building cycling facilities that make cyclists feel safe will be used by cyclists: Separate space – lanes or paths Continuous Protection from traffic – humps, kerbs, barriers Education and enforcement Motorcyclists benefit from same types of measures: Separate space – advanced stop lines (RHK) Protection from traffic – dedicated lanes with barriers Education about risks and enforcement for motorcyclists and other drivers

14 Safe Road Users – Young Children Understand limitations of young children in traffic. Educate them about safety, making safe choices, road safety laws and complying with them. Provision of safe options. Measures: Education Establish guidelines for safety around schools using existing resources eg. VicRoads Guidelines for Safety Around Schools, Safe to School, Safe to Home. Ensure materials support teachers and parents to understand the risks and practical ways to help their children learn and be safe around roads

15 Safe Road Users - Motorcyclists Risks: 30 times more likely to be killed than vehicle passengers Not wearing a helmet - 6 times more likely to suffer traumatic brain injury when in a crash compared to riders wearing helmets Inherently unstable, carrying passengers and goods make them more unstable More affected by poor road conditions, loose material, oil and obstacles High quality helmets only effective in direct impacts below 40km/h Many helmets sold in Indonesia are poor quality No other protective or high visibility clothing is typically worn Motorcyclists are largely unprotected in a crash, can travel at fast speeds and closely mixed in with traffic.

16 Safety Management – collaborative approach to the implementation of ongoing good practice Coordinated action with a common goal of improving road safety. Institutional partnerships are a recipe for sustained success. Measures: Formal Partnership Develop a partnership with clear responsibilities and action plan Regular meetings and reports of progress Monitor success and promote the value of the partnership Identify further opportunities or risks to address Develop a funding strategy Document what you have learnt for others to follow

17 A Safe System Supporting Vulnerable Road Users in Bandung 1.Manage the speed through a combination of clear signage, enforcement and traffic calming 2.Use appropriate crossings for the speed environment – preference for pelican crossings except in controlled low speed areas 3.Ensure footpaths are continuous, maintained and free of hazards, parking and pick up areas and trader areas assigned 4.Assess areas for dedicated safe cycling infrastructure and design appropriate treatments 5.Establish promotional campaigns related to targeted risks – e.g. helmet wearing 6.Form a reference group to coordinate input from agencies including public works, enforcement, education using data to establish baseline and monitor success