REVIEW

What: Aspect of Greek culture When: Where: Why important: Effect on Greek culture : Parthenon Architecture Golden Age Athens Greeks honored their gods by building temples Provides a sample of Doric column

What: Aspect of Greek culture When: Where: Why important: Effect on Greek culture : Olympian gods Religion Mount Olympus Greeks used gods to explain laws of nature Greeks believed their gods controlled all aspects of their lives and tried to please them in many ways

What: Aspect of Greek culture: When: Where: Why important: Effect on Greek culture : Greek naval ship - trireme Warfare Persian Wars Battle of Salamis Athenian ships were smaller, faster ( 3rows of oars) and easier to maneuver in confined areas Allowed Greeks to control the Mediterranean Sea and improve trade

What: Aspect of Greek culture: When: Where: Why important: Effect on Greek culture : Hoplitodromos Festivals, Sports and Leisure Every four years in the Olympic Games Olympia Greeks honored their gods by doing their best in everything, including athletic competition Olympic Games united Greeks in competition and sacred truce.

What: Aspect of Greek culture When: Where: Why important: Effect on Greek culture : Theater of Dionysus Theater Golden Age Athens Greeks honored their gods by performing plays Comedies (spoofs) and tragedies (suffering) portrayed Greek life

What: Aspect of Greek culture When: Where: Why important: Effect on Greek culture : Ballot box Government Democratic elections Athens Greeks believed all their citizens should have the right to take part in government Greek citizens were conscious of their duty to vote

What: Aspect of Greek culture When: Where: Why important: Effect on Greek culture : Homer Poetry and Literature 500 years after the Trojan War Wrote the Iliad and Odyssey Information in these epic poems served as an education for all Greeks

What: Aspect of Greek culture When: Where: Why important: Effect on Greek culture : Philosophers: Socrates, Aristotle, Plato Philosophy Golden Age Athens, Academy (Plato’s school), Lyceum (Aristotle’s school) Greeks began to use logic and reason to explain ideas and not their gods Increased their store of knowledge and interest in science and math

What: Aspect of Greek culture: When: Where: Why important: Effect on Greek culture : Archimedes: Water screw and method of determining mass of irregular shaped object (crown) Science Fields of science and math were explored Greek scientists began to make innovations and inventions to improve their store of knowledge

What: Aspect of Greek culture When: Where: Why important: Effect on Greek culture : Storage and wine vessels Pottery Remains have been found throughout the Mediterranean Greeks traded and founded colonies. Wine and olive oil were main exports. Designs give us insight into the Greek culture and lifestyle

MINOANSMYCENAEANS Geography Culture Buildings Religion Government Social Classes Work Defense Island of Crete Comfortable climate and fertile soil Isolation spared it from constant warfare Hot and dry Rocky soil Seafaring culture Art was used for decoration Bull jumping Society based on warfare Art was about warfare and hunting Homer Multi-room Buildings (Palace at Knossos) Plumbing systems Cities were fortresses surrounded by thick walls Grew grapes and olives Fishing Traded raw goods (oil and skins) for jewelry Kings accumulated vast wealth Thalos tombs were large burial chambers Fortress – palace on hilltops Wanax ruled Polytheistic Involved offerings and sacrifices Polytheistic Primary gods were female Mother earth Goddess Monarchy Priests dominated the government Women participated in sports Social equality due to wealth of civilization Trade Export wine, olive oil and jewelry No walls Built first major navy in the world

SpartaAthens Militaristic: Lifestyle based on warfare and preparation for war Monarchical, democratic oligarchy: 2 kings, Council of Elders, Ephors, Assembly 3 social classes: Equals, Perieoci, Helots Women had rights; were educated and played an important role – “With it or on it” Greatest army in Greece Well-rounded: “A strong mind in a strong body”. Children were educated at an early age Democracy: Council of 500, Assembly of tribes. Voting by lot. Ostracism of dangerous citizens Upper and lower classes Women had few rights; were expected to organize and run the household Greatest navy in Greece