The Empire at Its Height

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Presentation transcript:

The Empire at Its Height Section 2

7.1.2 Discuss the geographic borders of the empire at its height and the factors that threatened its territorial cohesion

Background Knowledge republic – a government in which citizens have the right to vote and elect officials In about 509 B.C the Roman overthrew their king

From Republic to Empire

Turmoil at Home Elected Officials Different People Rule over large regions Different People Culture

Turmoil at Home Prisoners of War Poor quality of life Slaves Riots and Revolts

The End of the Republic Julius Caesar popular military hero expanded Rome's borders and conquered Gaul the senate ordered Julius Caesar to return to Rome without his armies

The End of the Republic Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon with his armies therefore causing a civil war. Declared “dictator for life” by Roman senate in 44 B.C. Expands the senate but Reduces their power Created jobs. 365 ¼ day calendar.

The End of the Republic Assassinate - to murder a well-known or important person Led by Marcus Brutus and Gaius Cassius Civil War

The End of the Republic Octavian Caesar’s adopted son Becomes ruler of Rome in 31 B.C.

The Empire Grows Augustus “great and holy one” Respects traditions of the republic 27 B.C. becomes Augustus

The Age of Augustus Reforms - change made to improve a system 100 colonies Former soldiers Spreads Roman law and culture Respects traditions of the republic 27 B.C. becomes Augustus

The Age of Augustus Pax Romana - a period of peace and prosperity At the time of Augustus death in A.D. 14, the Roman empire stretched from the British Isles to Southwest Asia. Respects traditions of the republic 27 B.C. becomes Augustus

The Age of Augustus Pax Romana - a period of peace and prosperity Respects traditions of the republic 27 B.C. becomes Augustus

Choosing an Emperor Plotting and murder Military took sides Mixed results Respects traditions of the republic 27 B.C. becomes Augustus

The “Good Emperors” Nerva Adopts a successor Avoids power struggles Respects traditions of the republic 27 B.C. becomes Augustus

The “Good Emperors” Trajan (A.D. 98 - 117) The empire reached its greatest size Tied empire together by building roads, bridges, and harbors Tried to improve conditions for the poor Respects traditions of the republic 27 B.C. becomes Augustus

The “Good Emperors” Hadrian (A.D. 117 - 138) Strengthened defenses Hadrian’s Wall Described as a fair and wise ruler who cared for the people Respects traditions of the republic 27 B.C. becomes Augustus

Hadrian’s Wall

The “Good Emperors” Marcus Aurelius (A.D. 161 - 180) Noble peace-loving scholar Wars along the eastern borders Pax Romana ended with his death in A.D. 180 Respects traditions of the republic 27 B.C. becomes Augustus

The Empire Divided The empire is plagued by troubles again Diocletian Takes power in A.D. 284 Empire too large to rule effectively Divides empire in two

The Empire Divided

The Empire Divided Reform appeared to be a good solution Dividing the empire made it weaker, not stronger.