Continental Glaciers (Ice Sheets) and Illinois Glaciation.

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Presentation transcript:

Continental Glaciers (Ice Sheets) and Illinois Glaciation

Phanerozoic – EON Cenozoic – ERA Quaternary – PERIOD Pleistocene - EPOCH (1.8 mya - 10,000 years ago)

2. Ice sheets (Continental glacier) Large scale – cover 10% of Earth’s land Greenland – 1.7 million km 2 Antartica – 13.9 million km 2 Glacier Types

Continental Glaciers

Glaciation in Illinois 1.Wisconsinan 75,000 – 10,000 ya 2.Illinoian 300,000 – 125,000 ya 3.Kansan 700,000 – 500,000 ya 4.Nebraskan 1,800,000 – 900,000 ya

Glaciation in Illinois 1.Wisconsinan 75,000 – 10,000 ya 2.Illinoian 300,000 – 125,000 ya 3.Pre-Illinoian

End moraines and till plains

Glacial Deposits Drift – Sediment deposited on land or in water as a result of glaciation. Till – Unsorted debris transported by glaciers and deposited on land. Diamicton – Does not infer digenesis

Moraine – a sediment pile composed of till deposited by a glacier Glacial Deposits

Till – Mixture of unsorted mud, sand, pebbles, and larger rocks deposited by glaciers

Ice Sheet Landforms Outwash – sand and gravels deposited by glacial meltwater

Pro-Glacial Lake Sediments

Ice Sheet Landforms – Kettle Lakes

Ice Sheet Landforms - Eskers

Ice Sheet Landforms - Drumlins

Ice Sheet Landforms Drumlins

Glaciation relocated rivers

Pre-Illinoian Drainage

Illinoian Glaciation & Drainage

Wisconsinan Glaciation & Drainage

Lobes And Moranic systems

Chief Waupansee

Was this change unique in time? Why did the climate change? Points to Ponder

1. changing continental positions 2. uplift of continental blocks 3. reduction of CO2 in the atmosphere 4. changes in the Earth's orbit Why did the climate change?

Plate Tectonics is one of the keys to paleozoic glaciation 250 million years ago

Changes in Earth’s Orbit The Milankovitch Theory

Eccentricity of the orbit

Changes in Earth’s tilt The Milankovitch Theory

Earth-Sun Relations

Precession of the Equinoxes The Milankovitch Theory

Cycles of Global Warming

Snowball Earth