IUPAC Nomenclature Organic Compounds of

Carbon has 4 valance electrons and makes four bonds Carbon combines with many other carbon atoms making chains and rings which other atoms can be attached. In Chemistry, an organic compound is one containing carbon atoms. There are a plethora of different organic compounds in our world.

C C-C C-C-C C-C-C-C C-C-C-C-C C-C-C-C-C-C C-C-C-C-C-C-C Naming Alkane Hydrocarbons methane ethane propane butane pentane hexane heptane

C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C octane nonane decane undecane dodecane

Alkyl Groups Attached to Chain methyl ethyl propyl butyl CH 3 CH 2 CH 3 CH 2 CH 3 CH 2 CH 3 CH 2

Naming Alkanes- hydrocarbons with single bonds

CC C CC C C C C The longest chain isoctane The substituents are methyl ethyl C methyl ethyl Number the carbons on the longest chain so that substituents have the lowest numbers Name using alpha order for substituents 4-ethyl-3-methyloctane Dashes between a number and a letter C too big start here 6 attachments

C C C C C C C C ,3-dimethylhexane Must use 3 twice because there are 2 methyl groups methyl

C 4 H 10 has two structural isomers: C CH 3 H CH 2 CH 3 CH 2 CH 3 The isomers have different connectivity and are different chemicals Try drawing a different isomer with four carbons There are no other isomers Same formula but different structure

The alkane, C 5 H 12, has three structural isomers. Try to build three different molecules with 5 carbons and 12 hydrogens (using only single bonds), then draw it.

C 5 H 12 has the following three structural isomers: C CH 3 CH 2 CH 3 H CH 2 CH 3 CH 2 CH 3 C

Practice Questions

CCCC Question 1: What is the correct IUPAC name?

CCCC Answer: butane

CH 2 CH 3 Question 2: What is the correct IUPAC name? CH 3

CH 2 CH 3 Question 2: What is the correct IUPAC name? Answer: propane CH 3

What is the correct IUPAC name? CCC C C C 2, 2-dimethylbutane

C CH 3 Question 4: What is the correct IUPAC name? CH 2 CH 3 CH 2 CH 3 CHCH 2 CH 3 CH 2 CH 3

C Question 4: What is the correct IUPAC name? CH 2 CH 3 CH 2 CH 3 CHCH 2 CH 3 CH 2 CH 3 3,3–dimethyl-5-ethyloctane 35

CH CH 3 CH 2 CH 3 2 Draw the structural formula for 2-methylbutane CH 2 CH 3 CHCH 3 2 or