NCC & Image Use Protocol Task Force North American Coordinating Council on Japanese Library Resources (NCC)

NCC North American Coordinating Council on Japanese Library Resources Independent nonprofit educational organization established in 1991 Major funders:  Japan-United States Friendship Commission  Japan Foundation Volunteers of librarians and faculty in Japanese studies, with small NCC’s staff

What NCC Does Serves the field of Japanese Studies in North America to strengthen Japanese language collections and to promote access to information in all forms and formats. Coordinates/develops projects in the area of:  Improving access to materials in all formats  Cooperative collections development  Training librarians and users of Japanese materials  Fostering close collaboration and consultation nationally and internationally

Image Use Protocol Task Force TF formed in January 2007 In response to requests from U.S. researchers for guidelines on locating, accessing and obtaining permission to use visual images from Japan in teaching, research and publications

IUP TF Members Task Force Co-Chairs Akio Yasue (co-chair) Deputy Director (retired) Senior Advisor (current), National Diet Library Theodore C. Bestor (co-chiar) Professor of Anthropology, Harvard University Task Force Members (alphabetical) Robin Le Blanc Professor of Political Science, Washington & Lee University Ian Condry Professor of Cultural Studies, MIT Patricia Crosby Executive Editor, University of Hawaii Press Izumi Koide Director, Resource Center for the History of Entrepreneurship, Shibusawa Ei'ichi Memorial Foundation Haruko Nakamura Librarian of the Japanese Collection, Yale University Eiko Sakaguchi Curator of the Gordon W. Prange and East Asian Collections, University of Maryland Toshiko Takenaka Professor of Law, University of Washington Law School Reiko Yoshimura Director of the Library Freer and Sackler Galleries The Smithsonian Institution Gennifer Weisenfeld Professor of Art History, Duke University Bruce Willoughby Executive Editor Publications Program Center for Japanese Studies, University of Michigan Members Ex-Officio Tokiko Bazzell Japanese Specialist Librarian University of Hawaii Manoa (Chair, NCC) Victoria Lyon Bestor Associate, Reischauer Institute Harvard University (NCC Executive Director) As of 2009

IUP TF: Objectives To educate North American scholars and students about the procedures for gaining permission to use visual images from Japan To produce a simple set of guidelines for authors to use in gaining such permission To produce a set of bilingual templates for permission request letters that will be acceptable both to Japanese image rights holders and to US publishers of academic works

IUP TF: Goals 1.Document the range of problems encountered by US academics. 2.Clarify the differences between publishing environments between US academic publishing and the publishing industry in Japan. 3.Organize a joint meeting with Japanese image right holders to promote mutual understanding and to solicit their advice on how to improve the process of securing permission to use Japanese images. 4.Develop a set of “Best Practices for Accessing Visual Images from Japan.”

IUP TF: Goals 1.Document the range of problems encountered by US academics 2.Clarify the differences between publishing environments between US academic publishing and the publishing industry in Japan. 3.Organize a joint meeting with Japanese image right holders to promote mutual understanding and to solicit their advice on how to improve the process of securing permission to use Japanese images. 4.Develop a set of “Best Practices for Accessing Visual Images from Japan.”

IUP Survey Modified from Table 1 in Bazzell Yamamoto Tokiko, Sakaguchi Eiko, Yasue Akio, “Kaigai Nihon kenkyusha no gazo riyo” in Shuppan Nyusu, no ( gejun): p.8

IUP Survey: Problems Cannot locate appropriate contact or image rights holders. Do not know whom to contact for permission. Lack of understanding on Japanese legal issues and their differences from the US, including the interpretation of "fair use." Lack of knowledge of Japanese social protocols. Language problems - cannot write letters in Japanese or Japanese lenders do not read English. Problems in explaining procedural differences to Japanese lenders and US publishers. Payment method- many Japanese lenders require bank transfer in Japanese Yen and do not accept credit card. And more… From IUP Task Force Status Report-March 2008 by Reiko Yoshimura [and Robin LeBlanc] NCC Open Meeting AAS Annual Conference in Atlanta

IUP TF: Goals 1.Document the range of problems encountered by US academics. 2.Clarify the differences between publishing environments between US academic publishing and the publishing industry in Japan. 3.Organize a joint meeting with Japanese image right holders to promote mutual understanding and to solicit their advice on how to improve the process of securing permission to use Japanese images. 4.Develop a set of “Best Practices for Accessing Visual Images from Japan.”

IUP Tokyo Symposium Japanese Images: Using Them to Support Japan Studies Internationally June 23, 2008 International House of Japan Morning Session: The current situation in North America Afternoon Session: Procedures for obtaining permission for image use in Japan and advice for North American users

Findings of the Tokyo Conference 1.Images are copyrighted, in general. 2.Which Country’s Copyright Laws? 3.Multiple Right Holders 4.“Fair Use” and “Quotation” 5.Lack of Awareness on Japan Side 6.Language Problem And more…

IUP TF: Goals 1.Document the range of problems encountered by US academics. 2.Clarify the differences between publishing environments between US academic publishing and the publishing industry in Japan. 3.Organize a joint meeting with Japanese image right holders to promote mutual understanding and to solicit their advice on how to improve the process of securing permission to use Japanese images. 4.Develop a set of “Best Practices for Accessing Visual Images from Japan.”

Acknowledgement NCC thanks the following funders who made the IUP possible: Japan Foundation Toshiba International Foundation Japan-US Friendship Commission Shibusawa Eiichi Memorial Foundation University of Toronto Libraries The International House of Japan