2.5.9 Genetic Engineering H Origin of the Science of Genetics H Law of Segregation H Law of Independent Assortment H Dihybrid Cross H Nucleic Acid Structure and Function Follow-Me – iQuiz

Q. What is the difference between a nucleus of an egg cell and that of a somatic (body) cell of an animal? “antifreeze” in farmed fish; Pharmaceuticals from transgenic animals Egg cell is haploid; Somatic cell is diploid Haemophilia; Colour blindness Guanine Genetic engineering Linked Law of Independent Assortment Lack of variation; Prone to disease Hydrogen Manipulation of genes Production of hormones, enzymes or interferon Same wool quality Segregation Slow ripening tomatoes; Herbicide resistant plants; Freeze-resistant plants Locating/removing of a gene or a plasmid Transmitted on the same chromosome The joining of DNA or plasmid or gene The activation of the inserted gene; Production of product The uptake of DNA or plasmid or gene Adenine Mitochondrion; Chloroplast Cutting the DNA with a restriction enzyme Purines; Pyrimidines Gene on sex (or X or Y) chromosome

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Q. Suggest an advantage of producing genetically identical animals. “antifreeze” in farmed fish; Pharmaceuticals from transgenic animals Egg cell is haploid; Somatic cell is diploid Haemophilia; Colour blindness Guanine Genetic engineering Linked Law of Independent Assortment Lack of variation; Prone to disease Hydrogen Manipulation of genes Production of hormones, enzymes or interferon Same wool quality Segregation Slow ripening tomatoes; Herbicide resistant plants; Freeze-resistant plants Locating/removing of a gene or a plasmid Transmitted on the same chromosome The joining of DNA or plasmid or gene The activation of the inserted gene; Production of product The uptake of DNA or plasmid or gene Adenine Mitochondrion; Chloroplast Cutting the DNA with a restriction enzyme Purines; Pyrimidines Gene on sex (or X or Y) chromosome

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Q. What is meant by genetic engineering? “antifreeze” in farmed fish; Pharmaceuticals from transgenic animals Egg cell is haploid; Somatic cell is diploid Haemophilia; Colour blindness Guanine Genetic engineering Linked Law of Independent Assortment Lack of variation; Prone to disease Hydrogen Manipulation of genes Production of hormones, enzymes or interferon Same wool quality Segregation Slow ripening tomatoes; Herbicide resistant plants; Freeze-resistant plants Locating/removing of a gene or a plasmid Transmitted on the same chromosome The joining of DNA or plasmid or gene The activation of the inserted gene; Production of product The uptake of DNA or plasmid or gene Adenine Mitochondrion; Chloroplast Cutting the DNA with a restriction enzyme Purines; Pyrimidines Gene on sex (or X or Y) chromosome

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Q. State an application of genetic engineering involving a micro- organism. “antifreeze” in farmed fish; Pharmaceuticals from transgenic animals Egg cell is haploid; Somatic cell is diploid Haemophilia; Colour blindness Guanine Genetic engineering Linked Law of Independent Assortment Lack of variation; Prone to disease Hydrogen Manipulation of genes Production of hormones, enzymes or interferon Same wool quality Segregation Slow ripening tomatoes; Herbicide resistant plants; Freeze-resistant plants Locating/removing of a gene or a plasmid Transmitted on the same chromosome The joining of DNA or plasmid or gene The activation of the inserted gene; Production of product The uptake of DNA or plasmid or gene Adenine Mitochondrion; Chloroplast Cutting the DNA with a restriction enzyme Purines; Pyrimidines Gene on sex (or X or Y) chromosome

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Q. Isolation, cutting (or restriction), transformation (or ligation), introduction of base sequence (changes) and expression are all processes involved in … “antifreeze” in farmed fish; Pharmaceuticals from transgenic animals Egg cell is haploid; Somatic cell is diploid Haemophilia; Colour blindness Guanine Genetic engineering Linked Law of Independent Assortment Lack of variation; Prone to disease Hydrogen Manipulation of genes Production of hormones, enzymes or interferon Same wool quality Segregation Slow ripening tomatoes; Herbicide resistant plants; Freeze-resistant plants Locating/removing of a gene or a plasmid Transmitted on the same chromosome The joining of DNA or plasmid or gene The activation of the inserted gene; Production of product The uptake of DNA or plasmid or gene Adenine Mitochondrion; Chloroplast Cutting the DNA with a restriction enzyme Purines; Pyrimidines Gene on sex (or X or Y) chromosome

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Q. Separation of a pair of allelic genes during meiosis resulting in each gamete having only one of the pair of genes is known as … “antifreeze” in farmed fish; Pharmaceuticals from transgenic animals Egg cell is haploid; Somatic cell is diploid Haemophilia; Colour blindness Guanine Genetic engineering Linked Law of Independent Assortment Lack of variation; Prone to disease Hydrogen Manipulation of genes Production of hormones, enzymes or interferon Same wool quality Segregation Slow ripening tomatoes; Herbicide resistant plants; Freeze-resistant plants Locating/removing of a gene or a plasmid Transmitted on the same chromosome The joining of DNA or plasmid or gene The activation of the inserted gene; Production of product The uptake of DNA or plasmid or gene Adenine Mitochondrion; Chloroplast Cutting the DNA with a restriction enzyme Purines; Pyrimidines Gene on sex (or X or Y) chromosome

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Q. Explain why linked genes do not assort independently. “antifreeze” in farmed fish; Pharmaceuticals from transgenic animals Egg cell is haploid; Somatic cell is diploid Haemophilia; Colour blindness Guanine Genetic engineering Linked Law of Independent Assortment Lack of variation; Prone to disease Hydrogen Manipulation of genes Production of hormones, enzymes or interferon Same wool quality Segregation Slow ripening tomatoes; Herbicide resistant plants; Freeze-resistant plants Locating/removing of a gene or a plasmid Transmitted on the same chromosome The joining of DNA or plasmid or gene The activation of the inserted gene; Production of product The uptake of DNA or plasmid or gene Adenine Mitochondrion; Chloroplast Cutting the DNA with a restriction enzyme Purines; Pyrimidines Gene on sex (or X or Y) chromosome

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Q. Suggest a disadvantage of producing genetically identical animals. “antifreeze” in farmed fish; Pharmaceuticals from transgenic animals Egg cell is haploid; Somatic cell is diploid Haemophilia; Colour blindness Guanine Genetic engineering Linked Law of Independent Assortment Lack of variation; Prone to disease Hydrogen Manipulation of genes Production of hormones, enzymes or interferon Same wool quality Segregation Slow ripening tomatoes; Herbicide resistant plants; Freeze-resistant plants Locating/removing of a gene or a plasmid Transmitted on the same chromosome The joining of DNA or plasmid or gene The activation of the inserted gene; Production of product The uptake of DNA or plasmid or gene Adenine Mitochondrion; Chloroplast Cutting the DNA with a restriction enzyme Purines; Pyrimidines Gene on sex (or X or Y) chromosome

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Q. During gamete formation each member of a pair of genes may combine randomly with either of another pair. This is known as … “antifreeze” in farmed fish; Pharmaceuticals from transgenic animals Egg cell is haploid; Somatic cell is diploid Haemophilia; Colour blindness Guanine Genetic engineering Linked Law of Independent Assortment Lack of variation; Prone to disease Hydrogen Manipulation of genes Production of hormones, enzymes or interferon Same wool quality Segregation Slow ripening tomatoes; Herbicide resistant plants; Freeze-resistant plants Locating/removing of a gene or a plasmid Transmitted on the same chromosome The joining of DNA or plasmid or gene The activation of the inserted gene; Production of product The uptake of DNA or plasmid or gene Adenine Mitochondrion; Chloroplast Cutting the DNA with a restriction enzyme Purines; Pyrimidines Gene on sex (or X or Y) chromosome

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Q. Name the two types of nitrogenous base found in DNA. “antifreeze” in farmed fish; Pharmaceuticals from transgenic animals Egg cell is haploid; Somatic cell is diploid Haemophilia; Colour blindness Guanine Genetic engineering Linked Law of Independent Assortment Lack of variation; Prone to disease Hydrogen Manipulation of genes Production of hormones, enzymes or interferon Same wool quality Segregation Slow ripening tomatoes; Herbicide resistant plants; Freeze-resistant plants Locating/removing of a gene or a plasmid Transmitted on the same chromosome The joining of DNA or plasmid or gene The activation of the inserted gene; Production of product The uptake of DNA or plasmid or gene Adenine Mitochondrion; Chloroplast Cutting the DNA with a restriction enzyme Purines; Pyrimidines Gene on sex (or X or Y) chromosome

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Q. Explain the term transformation in the context of genetic engineering. “antifreeze” in farmed fish; Pharmaceuticals from transgenic animals Egg cell is haploid; Somatic cell is diploid Haemophilia; Colour blindness Guanine Genetic engineering Linked Law of Independent Assortment Lack of variation; Prone to disease Hydrogen Manipulation of genes Production of hormones, enzymes or interferon Same wool quality Segregation Slow ripening tomatoes; Herbicide resistant plants; Freeze-resistant plants Locating/removing of a gene or a plasmid Transmitted on the same chromosome The joining of DNA or plasmid or gene The activation of the inserted gene; Production of product The uptake of DNA or plasmid or gene Adenine Mitochondrion; Chloroplast Cutting the DNA with a restriction enzyme Purines; Pyrimidines Gene on sex (or X or Y) chromosome

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Q. Explain the term isolation in the context of genetic engineering. “antifreeze” in farmed fish; Pharmaceuticals from transgenic animals Egg cell is haploid; Somatic cell is diploid Haemophilia; Colour blindness Guanine Genetic engineering Linked Law of Independent Assortment Lack of variation; Prone to disease Hydrogen Manipulation of genes Production of hormones, enzymes or interferon Same wool quality Segregation Slow ripening tomatoes; Herbicide resistant plants; Freeze-resistant plants Locating/removing of a gene or a plasmid Transmitted on the same chromosome The joining of DNA or plasmid or gene The activation of the inserted gene; Production of product The uptake of DNA or plasmid or gene Adenine Mitochondrion; Chloroplast Cutting the DNA with a restriction enzyme Purines; Pyrimidines Gene on sex (or X or Y) chromosome

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Q. In genetics, what is meant by sex linkage? “antifreeze” in farmed fish; Pharmaceuticals from transgenic animals Egg cell is haploid; Somatic cell is diploid Haemophilia; Colour blindness Guanine Genetic engineering Linked Law of Independent Assortment Lack of variation; Prone to disease Hydrogen Manipulation of genes Production of hormones, enzymes or interferon Same wool quality Segregation Slow ripening tomatoes; Herbicide resistant plants; Freeze-resistant plants Locating/removing of a gene or a plasmid Transmitted on the same chromosome The joining of DNA or plasmid or gene The activation of the inserted gene; Production of product The uptake of DNA or plasmid or gene Adenine Mitochondrion; Chloroplast Cutting the DNA with a restriction enzyme Purines; Pyrimidines Gene on sex (or X or Y) chromosome

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Q. What term is used to describe alleles that lie on the same chromosome? “antifreeze” in farmed fish; Pharmaceuticals from transgenic animals Egg cell is haploid; Somatic cell is diploid Haemophilia; Colour blindness Guanine Genetic engineering Linked Law of Independent Assortment Lack of variation; Prone to disease Hydrogen Manipulation of genes Production of hormones, enzymes or interferon Same wool quality Segregation Slow ripening tomatoes; Herbicide resistant plants; Freeze-resistant plants Locating/removing of a gene or a plasmid Transmitted on the same chromosome The joining of DNA or plasmid or gene The activation of the inserted gene; Production of product The uptake of DNA or plasmid or gene Adenine Mitochondrion; Chloroplast Cutting the DNA with a restriction enzyme Purines; Pyrimidines Gene on sex (or X or Y) chromosome

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Q. State an application of genetic engineering involving a plant. “antifreeze” in farmed fish; Pharmaceuticals from transgenic animals Egg cell is haploid; Somatic cell is diploid Haemophilia; Colour blindness Guanine Genetic engineering Linked Law of Independent Assortment Lack of variation; Prone to disease Hydrogen Manipulation of genes Production of hormones, enzymes or interferon Same wool quality Segregation Slow ripening tomatoes; Herbicide resistant plants; Freeze-resistant plants Locating/removing of a gene or a plasmid Transmitted on the same chromosome The joining of DNA or plasmid or gene The activation of the inserted gene; Production of product The uptake of DNA or plasmid or gene Adenine Mitochondrion; Chloroplast Cutting the DNA with a restriction enzyme Purines; Pyrimidines Gene on sex (or X or Y) chromosome

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Q. Explain the term ligation in the context of genetic engineering. “antifreeze” in farmed fish; Pharmaceuticals from transgenic animals Egg cell is haploid; Somatic cell is diploid Haemophilia; Colour blindness Guanine Genetic engineering Linked Law of Independent Assortment Lack of variation; Prone to disease Hydrogen Manipulation of genes Production of hormones, enzymes or interferon Same wool quality Segregation Slow ripening tomatoes; Herbicide resistant plants; Freeze-resistant plants Locating/removing of a gene or a plasmid Transmitted on the same chromosome The joining of DNA or plasmid or gene The activation of the inserted gene; Production of product The uptake of DNA or plasmid or gene Adenine Mitochondrion; Chloroplast Cutting the DNA with a restriction enzyme Purines; Pyrimidines Gene on sex (or X or Y) chromosome

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Q. Name a condition in humans that is governed by a sex-linked allele. “antifreeze” in farmed fish; Pharmaceuticals from transgenic animals Egg cell is haploid; Somatic cell is diploid Haemophilia; Colour blindness Guanine Genetic engineering Linked Law of Independent Assortment Lack of variation; Prone to disease Hydrogen Manipulation of genes Production of hormones, enzymes or interferon Same wool quality Segregation Slow ripening tomatoes; Herbicide resistant plants; Freeze-resistant plants Locating/removing of a gene or a plasmid Transmitted on the same chromosome The joining of DNA or plasmid or gene The activation of the inserted gene; Production of product The uptake of DNA or plasmid or gene Adenine Mitochondrion; Chloroplast Cutting the DNA with a restriction enzyme Purines; Pyrimidines Gene on sex (or X or Y) chromosome

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Q. Which nitrogenous base can link only to thymine? “antifreeze” in farmed fish; Pharmaceuticals from transgenic animals Egg cell is haploid; Somatic cell is diploid Haemophilia; Colour blindness Guanine Genetic engineering Linked Law of Independent Assortment Lack of variation; Prone to disease Hydrogen Manipulation of genes Production of hormones, enzymes or interferon Same wool quality Segregation Slow ripening tomatoes; Herbicide resistant plants; Freeze-resistant plants Locating/removing of a gene or a plasmid Transmitted on the same chromosome The joining of DNA or plasmid or gene The activation of the inserted gene; Production of product The uptake of DNA or plasmid or gene Adenine Mitochondrion; Chloroplast Cutting the DNA with a restriction enzyme Purines; Pyrimidines Gene on sex (or X or Y) chromosome

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Q. Explain the term expression in the context of genetic engineering. “antifreeze” in farmed fish; Pharmaceuticals from transgenic animals Egg cell is haploid; Somatic cell is diploid Haemophilia; Colour blindness Guanine Genetic engineering Linked Law of Independent Assortment Lack of variation; Prone to disease Hydrogen Manipulation of genes Production of hormones, enzymes or interferon Same wool quality Segregation Slow ripening tomatoes; Herbicide resistant plants; Freeze-resistant plants Locating/removing of a gene or a plasmid Transmitted on the same chromosome The joining of DNA or plasmid or gene The activation of the inserted gene; Production of product The uptake of DNA or plasmid or gene Adenine Mitochondrion; Chloroplast Cutting the DNA with a restriction enzyme Purines; Pyrimidines Gene on sex (or X or Y) chromosome

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Q. State an application of genetic engineering involving an animal. “antifreeze” in farmed fish; Pharmaceuticals from transgenic animals Egg cell is haploid; Somatic cell is diploid Haemophilia; Colour blindness Guanine Genetic engineering Linked Law of Independent Assortment Lack of variation; Prone to disease Hydrogen Manipulation of genes Production of hormones, enzymes or interferon Same wool quality Segregation Slow ripening tomatoes; Herbicide resistant plants; Freeze-resistant plants Locating/removing of a gene or a plasmid Transmitted on the same chromosome The joining of DNA or plasmid or gene The activation of the inserted gene; Production of product The uptake of DNA or plasmid or gene Adenine Mitochondrion; Chloroplast Cutting the DNA with a restriction enzyme Purines; Pyrimidines Gene on sex (or X or Y) chromosome

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Q. Which nitrogenous base can link only to cytosine? “antifreeze” in farmed fish; Pharmaceuticals from transgenic animals Egg cell is haploid; Somatic cell is diploid Haemophilia; Colour blindness Guanine Genetic engineering Linked Law of Independent Assortment Lack of variation; Prone to disease Hydrogen Manipulation of genes Production of hormones, enzymes or interferon Same wool quality Segregation Slow ripening tomatoes; Herbicide resistant plants; Freeze-resistant plants Locating/removing of a gene or a plasmid Transmitted on the same chromosome The joining of DNA or plasmid or gene The activation of the inserted gene; Production of product The uptake of DNA or plasmid or gene Adenine Mitochondrion; Chloroplast Cutting the DNA with a restriction enzyme Purines; Pyrimidines Gene on sex (or X or Y) chromosome

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Q. Explain the term restriction (cutting) in the context of genetic engineering. “antifreeze” in farmed fish; Pharmaceuticals from transgenic animals Egg cell is haploid; Somatic cell is diploid Haemophilia; Colour blindness Guanine Genetic engineering Linked Law of Independent Assortment Lack of variation; Prone to disease Hydrogen Manipulation of genes Production of hormones, enzymes or interferon Same wool quality Segregation Slow ripening tomatoes; Herbicide resistant plants; Freeze-resistant plants Locating/removing of a gene or a plasmid Transmitted on the same chromosome The joining of DNA or plasmid or gene The activation of the inserted gene; Production of product The uptake of DNA or plasmid or gene Adenine Mitochondrion; Chloroplast Cutting the DNA with a restriction enzyme Purines; Pyrimidines Gene on sex (or X or Y) chromosome

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Q. Name the type of bonding which occurs between members of a base pair in the DNA molecule. “antifreeze” in farmed fish; Pharmaceuticals from transgenic animals Egg cell is haploid; Somatic cell is diploid Haemophilia; Colour blindness Guanine Genetic engineering Linked Law of Independent Assortment Lack of variation; Prone to disease Hydrogen Manipulation of genes Production of hormones, enzymes or interferon Same wool quality Segregation Slow ripening tomatoes; Herbicide resistant plants; Freeze-resistant plants Locating/removing of a gene or a plasmid Transmitted on the same chromosome The joining of DNA or plasmid or gene The activation of the inserted gene; Production of product The uptake of DNA or plasmid or gene Adenine Mitochondrion; Chloroplast Cutting the DNA with a restriction enzyme Purines; Pyrimidines Gene on sex (or X or Y) chromosome

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Q. Name a cell organelle, apart from the nucleus, in which DNA is found. “antifreeze” in farmed fish; Pharmaceuticals from transgenic animals Egg cell is haploid; Somatic cell is diploid Haemophilia; Colour blindness Guanine Genetic engineering Linked Law of Independent Assortment Lack of variation; Prone to disease Hydrogen Manipulation of genes Production of hormones, enzymes or interferon Same wool quality Segregation Slow ripening tomatoes; Herbicide resistant plants; Freeze-resistant plants Locating/removing of a gene or a plasmid Transmitted on the same chromosome The joining of DNA or plasmid or gene The activation of the inserted gene; Production of product The uptake of DNA or plasmid or gene Adenine Mitochondrion; Chloroplast Cutting the DNA with a restriction enzyme Purines; Pyrimidines Gene on sex (or X or Y) chromosome

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