Histology Review Human Anatomy and Physiology Sam Rhodes, Ph.D. Franklin College.

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Presentation transcript:

Histology Review Human Anatomy and Physiology Sam Rhodes, Ph.D. Franklin College

Epithelial Tissues Form coverings, linings and glands May be simple (single sheet) or stratified Single sheets often attach to a layer of connective tissue called the basement membrane

Epithelial Tissues

Simple Squamous Epithelium

Simple Cuboidal

Simple Columnar Can you find the goblet cells?

Ciliated, Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium

Stratified Squamous Epithelium Side view with layers flaking upward (epidermis)

Transitional Epithelium 400 X magnification100 X magnification

Connective Tissues Bind cells together, provide support, provide protection. All connective tissues are composed of living cells, a non-living matrix, and protein fibers. Matrix may be rigid (bone), flexible (cartilage), gel (areolar), or liquid (blood). White (tough and stiff) fibers are collagen Yellow (thin and elastic) are elastin. Fibroblasts produce the elastin and collagen

Connective Tissues

Areolar (loose) Connective Tissue Identify the tissue, the fibroblasts, collagen and elastin

Hyaline Cartilage Identify the matrix, chondrocytes, and the lacuna

Lacuna Chondrocyte Matrix

Compact Bone Identify the osteons, osteonic (Haversian) canals, and the osteocytes

Adipose Tissue Adipose tissue layered with muscle

Blood (connective Tissue)

Muscle Tissue Contractile Excitable Skeletal (causes movements of the skeleton) Cardiac (only found in the heart) Smooth (found in blood vessels, reproductive tract, digestive tract) May have striations (skeletal and cardiac)

Muscle Tissue

Skeletal Muscle Can you find the striations?

Cardiac Muscle Find the striations and the intercalated disks

Smooth Muscle

Nervous Tissue Excitable Generates Action Potentials (electric impulses) Controls and coordinates other tisssues/organs Composed of neurons and neuroglia

Nervous Tissue

Neurons (spinal cord smear)

Neurons Purkinje Cells in Cerebellum Pyramidal Cells in Cerebrum

Motor End Plate (Neuromuscular Junction)

Intestine

Trachea

Integumentary System (Skin) Provides physical protection against the environment Dramatically reduces dehydration Provides protection against infection by bacteria, molds, parasites Thermoregulation (blood vessel dilation and constriction) Vitamin D production Protection against UV light (melanocytes) Sense of touch, temperature, pain

Epidermis Dermis Hypodermis