CONNECTIVE, NERVOUS, AND MUSCULAR TISSUE

Connective Tissue Basic elements –Cells –matrix

CONNECTIVE TISSUE Consists of living cells surrounded by a matrix Type of fiber and the amount of fibers in the matrix determines the different types

Connective tissue cells Fibroblasts Macrophages Mast cells Adipocytes

MATRIX Noncellular Varies from a solid to semi fluid to fluid Contains collagen – strong flexible proteins Elastin – proteins that stretch Reticular fibers – very thin collagen that are branched to form a supporting network

CONNECTIVE TISSUE Binds organs together Provides support and protection Fills spaces Produces blood cells Stores fat

TYPES OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE Bone cartilage Dense connective Loose connective blood

BONE Rigid Protection Support Osseous Lacunae matrix 2 types : compact spongy

CARTLIAGE 3 types –Hyaline cartilage –Elastic cartilage – fibrocartilage More flexible Location of each type

Matrix

Connective tissue Dense Collagen fibers main element in matrix Fibroblasts Forms strong rope like structures Found in tendons, and ligaments Makes up dermis Loose Has more cells and less fibers Supports epithelial tissue, organs, blood vessels

TYPES OF LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE AREOLAR TISSUE ADIPOSE TISSUE RETICULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE BLOOD

ADIPOSE TISSUE Stores body fat Insulation Organ protection Found beneath the skin – subcutaneous

Reticular tissue Delicate network of interwoven reticular fibers stroma Also called lymphoid tissue Found in lymph nodes, spleen, and bone marrow Produce all blood cells

AREOLAR TISSUE Most widely distributed connective tissue mostly water universal packing material between other tissues wraps small blood vessels and nerves edema

AREOLAR TISSUE Soft pliable tissue Underlies all mucous membranes Loose and fluid in mature Reservoir of water and salts for surrounding tissues and cells

BLOOD Atypical connective tissue transportation system Plasma is the matrix Fibers are soluble proteins

MUSCLE TISSUE Contracts to produce movement 3 types skeletal (involuntary) smooth (visceral) cardiac

SKELETAL MUSCLE STRIATED VOLULNTARY ATTACHED TO BONES MULTIPLE NUCLEI

CARDIAC MUSCLE Makes up the walls of the heart Contracts to make the pumping of the blood possible Striated Involuntary Uninucleated Intercalated discs

SMOOTH MUSCLE Nonstriated Involuntary Slower contractions than other types of muscles Found in the walls of hollow organs and blood vessels Peristalsis - wavelike motion due to contractions

NERVOUS TISSUE Neuron – nerve cell Receives and conducts electrochemical impulses Cytoplasm can get up to 3 feet (leg area)

Selectively permeable polar phospholipids - liquid at normal BT fluid - mosaic

Marfan syndrome