Climate Change and Global Warming: Is it too Late? Special Assembly Class 3.1

Contents: Contents: 1. What is Climate and Climate Change? 2. What is global warming? 3. Is global warming bad? 4. What are the greenhouse gases? 5. How are extra greenhouse gases produced? 6. What's the 'ozone layer' got to do with global warming ? 7. So what could happen? 8. What's being done about it? 9. What can I do? 10. And Governments????????????

1. What is Climate and Climate Change?

2. What is global warming? rise in temperature 6 ½ degrees warmer

3. So is global warming bad? earth is naturally warmed by sun atmosphere's = layers of gases greenhouse gases thermal blanket plants and humans 16°C

4. What are the greenhouse gases? Made Up of : Water Vapour Carbon Dioxide Methane Nitrous Oxide Ozone Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

Water Vapour (Cycle) Evaporation Condensation Precipitation Surface Runoff

carbon dioxide

Methane

Nitrous Oxide

Ozone

chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

5. How are extra greenhouse gases produced? Burning of 'fossil fuels' Cutting down of forests Animal waste which lets off methane

6. What's the 'ozone layer' got to do with global warming ? ozone (a type of oxygen) protects the earth harmful rays called UVB

Sea levels rise Melting of glaciers Flooding Lakes/rivers = dry up Droughts Plants/animals = extinct Severe Storms 7. So what could happen?

7. What's being done about it? NOT EVERY ONE AGREES!!!!!!!! Earth Summit Rio de Janeiro (1997) UN- Kyoto, Japan February 2003, the British Government = Green Energy IPCC Report 2/2/07

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Report 2/2/ scientific expert reviewers 800+ contributing authors and 450+ lead authors from 130+ countries 6 years work 4 volumes 1 report

Past Warnings (IPCC Report ) Over past 100 years Global surface temperatures = ↑ by 0.74°C 11 of the past 12 years; warmest years on record Human activity is ‘very likely’ the cause of most of this (90%) Global warming is evident Ocean warming extends to 3,000m in depth Mountain glaciers/snow are declining Sea level rose globally by 1.8 mm/y ( ) Since 1970s droughts intensified

= rain increased in North/South America, Northern Europe and Northern/Centel Asia Decreased = Sahel, Mediterranean, Southern Africa and parts of Southern Asia Artic permafrost warmed up by 3°C since 1980s Max freezing ground decreased by 7%

Forecast For 21 st Century (IPCC Report) By 2100 global average temperature = 1.1°C – 6.4 °C Sea levels = rise by between 18 – 58mm Higher Co2 levels Snow cover will contract Heat extremes, heat waves, heavy rain Typhoons, Hurricanes, Tornadoes

Heat waves and periods of unusually warm weather Ocean warming, sea-level rise and coastal flooding Glaciers melting Arctic and Antarctic warming Spreading disease Earlier spring arrival Plant and animal range shifts and population changes Coral reef bleaching Downpours, heavy snowfalls, and flooding Droughts and fires

Malta, Gozo, Comino… “↑ 3°C in 100 years No Winter Rain = 20% less Water Shortage Sea Level Rise Diseases Loss of Agricultural Land Loss of Biodiversity (Plants and Animals) HEAT WAVES” By Prof. Charles V. Sammut

9. What can I do? Re-cycle glass newspapers… Re-use plastic… Persuade mum/dad Brick into your toilet flashing

Use paper X2 packaging free products unwanted gifts = charity shop kettle up with the amount of water you need

TV or video = off 1 car = lots of persons washing 40 °C Switch lights off Cycle to places! showers not baths

And Governments????????

Wave power (Renewable Energy) Waves can produce energy either offshore or on coastline plant

Wind power (Renewable Energy) Wind can be used to drive turbines which in turn produce electricity

Water power (hydro electricity-Renewable Energy) Water is used to drive turbines to produce electricity

Other ways of making Green Energy: Small scale and domestic solar energy are being developed

Global warming links Hot planet: try SafeClimate Flying off to a warmer climate? Global Warming: Early warning signs Climate Ark - Climate Change Portal ClimatePrediction.net Friends of the Earth Greenpeace International Rocky Mountain Institute

Thank you for your attention THE END