Paleoceanography Antarctica Circumpolar Current:.

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Presentation transcript:

Paleoceanography Antarctica Circumpolar Current:

Paleoceanography Antarctica Circumpolar Current:

Paleoceanography Antarctica Circumpolar Current:

Paleoceanography Antarctica Circumpolar Current: Guembelitria samwelli

Paleoceanography Antarctica Circumpolar Current:

Paleoceanography Use Isotopes to measure paleoceanography:

Paleoceanography Unstable Isotopes:

Paleoceanography Use Isotopes to measure paleoceanography:

Paleoceanography Stable Isotopes: Given in parts per thousand ( o / oo ) values reported relative to a standard SMOW = standard mean ocean water  ( o / oo ) = ratio sample -1 x 1000 ratio standard

Paleoceanography Stable Isotopes: –Evaporation favors light isotope –Evaporation of seawater leaves oceans “isotopically heavier” –Precipitation favors heavy isotope –Production of organic matter favors light isotope

Paleoceanography Temperature variation in fractionation of 18 O:

Paleoceanography Temperature variation in fractionation of 18 O:

Paleoceanography Measuring SST

Paleoceanography Problem

Paleoceanography Fractionation:  18 O = 0

Paleoceanography Modern global surface seawater  18 Osmow :

Paleoceanography Infers changes in ice volume

Paleoceanography More global ice isotopically heavier ocean reservoir Less global ice isotopically lighter ocean reservoir

Ice Ages

What causes Interglacial/Glacial Cycles? 1.Fluctuations in the amount of insolation (incoming solar radiation) 2.Location of continents relative to polar regions 3.Location of precipitation belts relative to location of continents 4.Vigor of thermohaline circulation

Paleoceanography Coral rings :

Paleoceanography Coral rings :