|‌ 1 Presented by IN-01 Task Coordinator Brian Killough (NASA, CEOS) GEO Workplan Symposium April 28-30, 2014 Geneva, Switzerland (WMO) Task IN-01

Key 2014 Outputs... IN-01-C1 (Surface Networks) Led by Tim Haigh (EEA) European Environment Agency (EEA) finalized a catalogue of in-situ needs for Copernicus services and an inventory of in-situ issues faced by EU GEO projects. After consultation between the EU and international in-situ providers on opening access to in-situ for GMES / Copernicus data, the (EEA) finalised a document on “recommended solutions” for provision of in-situ data to Copernicus. The Global Precipitation Climatology Center (GPCC) has produced monthly datasets from 1900 through 2010 to summarize global precipitation. This data is important to global energy and water cycle studies. Global Mean Precipitation for July

Task IN-01 Key 2014 Outputs... IN-01-C2 (Space Observations) Led by Brian Killough (NASA, CEOS) 8 new CEOS mission launches in 2013 and one failure (CBERS-3). Launches include: Landsat 8 (NASA/USGS), Proba-V and SWARM (ESA), SARAL and INSAT-3D (ISRO), VNREDSat-1A (Vietnam), KOMPSAT-5 (KARI), FY-3C (China). 8 new CEOS launches planned for NASA GPM successfully launched on Feb 27. Sentinel-1A successfully launched on April 3. Remaining launches OCO-2 and SMAP (NASA), ALOS-2 (JAXA), CBERS-4 (INPE/China), KOMPSAT- 3A (KARI) and VENUS (CNES). New combined CGMS-CEOS Working Group on Climate held its first meeting in March Focus on Essential Climate Variable (ECV) Inventory (ecv-inventory.com) which includes 200+ data records. These groups have also defined a Climate Monitoring Architecture for space-based observations. GPM Launch Sentinel-1A

Task IN-01 Key 2014 Outputs... IN-01-C3 (Coordination of Surface and Space) Led by Ruth Neilan (NASA JPL) and Brian Killough (NASA, CEOS) In-situ data will be added to the Essential Climate Variable (ECV) Inventory (ecv-inventory.com) in This effort, coordinated by the CEOS Working Group on Climate, involves NOAA’s Global Observing Systems Information Center (GOSIC) which is working closely with GCOS, GOOS and GTOS. The Global Geodetic Observing System (GGOS) issued a Core Site Requirements Document and a Call for Participation in the GGOS network which resulted in 14 responses involving 36 sites contributing to the evolution of the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF). GOSIC Portal Geodetic reference sites

Task IN-01 Key 2014 Outputs... IN-01-C4 (Radio Frequency Coordination) Led by Jose Arimatea Brito (Brazil) The Steering Group on Radio Frequency Coordination (SG-RFC) met in March 2014 (Boulder, Colorado, USA). The WMO Preliminary Position on the World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-15) Agenda was updated to take into account recent ITU-R Studies and GEO concerns. WRC-15 will be held in Geneva, in November WMO maintains a website describing Radio Frequency activities and reports of relevant meetings. WMO and GEO are working together to protect the 5.4 GHz band used by Sentinel satellites from potential frequency allocation to RLANs during WRC-15. This issue was raised at GEO-X and Summit.

Task IN-01 Challenges, Issues, and Gaps Hindering Progress IN-01-C1 : Global in-situ expansion limited by resources in smaller countries and global economy. International commitment to in-situ coordination and management beyond Europe is lacking. Within Europe, EEA mandate and resourcing expected TBC later this year. Sustainability & cross domain re-use issues remain significant.

Task IN-01 Intervention needed from GEO Members and POs to Achieve 2015 Strategic Targets Support the protection of the 5.4 GHz band used by Sentinel satellites from potential frequency allocation to Radio Local Area Networks (RLANs). Support the protection of other Earth observation frequency bands that are common GEO/WMO concern or interest.

Task IN-01 CEOS Measurement Requirements.. Part 1 Requirements for CEOS missions come from many groups... GEO (e.g., GEOGLAM, GFOI), GCOS, WMO (OSCAR), and science groups (e.g., GHRSST). CEOS has not consolidated these requirements into one set, as this task is far too large to manage. The best known consolidated source of requirements is the GEOSS 10-Year Plan Reference Document. The GEO User Interface Committee (UIC) developed a report (led by Lawrence Friedl, NASA, US-09-01a) in October 2010 that addressed critical Earth observation priorities based on a metadata analysis of documents. The results showed Precipitation, Soil Moisture and Surface Air Temperature as the top-ranked observations. (

Task IN-01 CEOS Measurement Requirements.. Part 2 CEOS manages its measurement requirements/plans within the seven Virtual Constellations. Some examples of documented requirements and plans are shown below: –Atmospheric Composition – Gap Analysis Report (2008) –Land Surface Imaging – Mid-Resolution Optical Guidelines (2011) –Ocean Surface Topography – 15-Year User Requirements Study (2009) –Precipitation – Constellation Work Plan (2011) –Ocean Colour Radiometry – IOCCG Report, Mission Requirements for future Ocean Colour Sensors (2012) –Ocean Surface Vector Winds – Constellation Implementation Plan (2009) –Sea Surface Temperature – GHRSST User Requirements Document (2012) Climate example... GCOS sets requirements, CEOS/CGMS/WMO responds with a “Climate Monitoring Architecture”.

Task IN-01 Evidence of the Use of Task-related Systems, Datasets, Information Products, and Services The ECV Database will include both space and in-situ data and allow gap assessments for space measurements (via MIM database), linkage to the WMO Oscar database (requirements) and analyses with in-situ measurements (GOSIC). User applications for climate are a focus of this tool. Use statistics can be tracked over time. Policy Linkages Space and in-situ reanalysis products will continue to support IPCC reports and provide critical climatology information. The ECV database will be a critical tool to evaluate progress of the Climate Monitoring Architecture and assess gaps in measurements. GMES In-Situ Coordination (GISC) recommendations partially used in Copernicus regulation in Europe.

Task IN-01 Additional Material

Task IN-01 Cross-Task Activities Climate (CL-01) – GPCC monthly precipitation reanalysis product directly improves the climate record. Coordination with CL-01-C1 lead is needed due to overlap. Climate (CL-01) – Improvements and expansion (in-situ) of ECV data in the CEOS-led ECV Database needs coordination with the CL-01- C2 lead due to link with GCOS. Climate (CL-01) – The new ECV database (ecv-inventory.com) would benefit from exposure on the GEO Portal (CL-01-C4). Suggest coordination with GEO on next-steps.

Task IN-01 IN-01-C2: AGEOS Status Report AGEOS = Gabonese Agency for Space Studies and Observations Public company establishing ground stations in central Africa (23 countries, upper right) for CBERS, Landsat, SPOT and COSMO-SkyMed data. Antenna installation starting in Sept 2014 along with high speed fiber optic network (lower right). Processing support for forests, coastal management, water and urbanization.