Centre for Ecology & Hydrology – Lancaster 1 st – 3 rd April 2014

 Since 2007 release have been updates  Typically addressing ‘bugs’

 Since 2007 release have been updates  Typically addressing ‘bugs’  The 2014 release will have more substantial updates  Default radionuclides  CR & k d values  Reference organisms  EMCL values  Uncertainty factors

 Added:  Ba-140, Ca-45, Cr-51, Cf-252, Ir-192, La-140, Pa-231 & Zn-65  ERICA now consistent with ICRP (Publication 108 & 114) radionuclide lists for their developing RAP approach  CRs, k d s and DCC generated for the new default radionuclides

 Added freshwater reptile  There are European protected freshwater reptile species  Removed bird egg  Lack of CR values and inconsistent with other organisms  Marine macroalgae – geometry now consistent with ICRP 108 (increase in mass from kg to kg)

 Some changes in naming

 December 2013 version of Wildlife Transfer Database used to revise ERICA Tool  Have used data at broad wildlife group level – no justification to use more refined categories on basis of analyses conducted to date  c CR values required  Approximately 50% derived from empirical data  Extrapolation/Guidance approaches to provide missing data still required  k d received less attention that CR  Tried to minimise previous use of marine k d s in freshwater ecosystems

Option 10 – includes approaches to derive pdf (mean and standard deviation)

Option 10 – includes approaches to derive missing pdfs (mean and standard deviation) Information on how derived will be given Data for elements not included in Tool used to derive default values for options 4 & 5 where appropriate (e.g. Cu used to provide some Ag CR values)

 Where an SD available then lognormal distribution assumed  Original ERICA Tool assumed exponential distributions when  no SD value for CR or k d  data extrapolation approach used to derive CR value  Approach did not make best use of available information and can lead to some extreme EMCL estimates  For revised Tool database  Tried to derive default SD values when not available and hence assume lognormal not exponential distributions

Original

Original 2014

 Terrestrial amphibian and reptile – default occupancy now 100% in soil  Lichen & bryophytes – all external DCCs recalculated

 All need to be recalculated using revised parameters (k d & CR (+ associated pdfs), occupancy, DCCs)  The EMCL is currently the media activity concentration that gives rise to the 95 th %ile dose rate to the most exposed organism  Under discussion  Should 99 th %ile be used when CR or k d derived from extrapolation approach?

40 µGy/h will apply to aquatic mammals & birds

 Current UF values of 3 and 5 used  Intended to approximate 95 th and 99 th %ile RQs  Paper published suggesting that these should be 7 & 28

 Demonstrated that UFs of 7 and 28 approximate to 97.5 and 99.5 th %iles  But acknowledge that UF=5 for 95 th %ile may be an underestimate (≈7?)

 Demonstrated that UFs of 7 and 28 approximate to 97.5 and 99.5 th %iles  But acknowledge that UF=5 for 95 th %ile may be an underestimate (≈7?)  Probabilistic outputs from derivation of revised EMCLs will be used to evaluate the values of UF to be recommended.

 Intending to run a short update course once new Tool version released  Will try to do this as webinar  To register an interest