Alicia Romano and Colleen Orihill 2009

LIWC: Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count Designed by James W. Pennebaker, Roger J. Booth, and Martha E. Francis The program was designed to analyze over 70 dimensions of language 4 general descriptor categories (total word count, words per sentence, percentage of words captured by the dictionary, and percent of words longer than six letters) 22 standard linguistic dimensions (e.g., percentage of words in the text that are pronouns, articles, auxiliary verbs, etc.) 32 word categories tapping psychological constructs (e.g., affect, cognition, biological processes) 7 personal concern categories (e.g., work, home, leisure activities) 3 paralinguistic dimensions (assents, fillers, nonfluencies) 12 punctuation categories (periods, commas, etc.)

How LIWC Works Analyzes.txt and.doc(x) files. Output is given in.txt form but can be easily transferred to an excel file. Output variable information: Read more about LIWC dictionaries (development, internal and external validity, etc.)

Popular Children’s Books Curious George by H.A. Rey Horton Hatches the Egg by Dr. Seuss Goodnight Moon by Margaret Wise Brown Pokey Little Puppy by Janette Sebring Lowrey

Example of Text

LIWC Interface

Opening Text file

Saving Output

Output

Results

General Inquirer: Overview General Inquirer Internet Version ( Codes and classifies text using 182 General Inquirer categories developed for social-science content-analysis research applications to assess language reflecting particular institutions, emotion-laden words, cognitive orientation etc. Creator Phillip J. Stone holds summer seminars on the program at the University of Essex. Contact Roger Hurwitz with questions about access to the General Inquirer

General Inquirer: How it Works User must create folders (on the desktop) for both the input and the output. The output is an Excel spreadsheet of a matrix of "tag counts" for each category, with (2) separate rows of tag counts for each file processed – a “raw” count and a “scaled statistic” count. The Excel spreadsheet, originally in.txt form needs to be saved in.xls form.

General Inquirer: Dictionaries General Inquirer tag categories come from four sources: Harvard IV-4 dictionary Lasswell value dictionary New constructions Marker categories LINK TO DICTIONARY DESCRIPTIONS OF GENERAL INQUIRER TAG CATEGORIES (FROM FOUR SOURCES): LINK TO COMPLETE listings for just the Harvard IV-4 categories - Maryland Webuse site: Maryland Webuse sitehttp://

General Inquirer: Data Sources (6)Horoscopes - November 2009: Town & Country Magazine Marie Clare

General Inquirer: Interface

General Inquirer: Desktop File Data Source Input

General Inquirer: Example of Text Aquarius January 21 – February 19 Too much seems to be going on at once. Professionally, you’re in demand, and others are depending on you to provide inspiration and leadership. Partners are exerting pressure on you, and issues involving home and domestic affairs have reached a climax. With Jupiter powerfully aspected in your sign, you’re inclined to be optimistic, but you need to make more of an effort to remain centered and focuses. Some castles in the air are bound to come tumbling down when Saturn squares Pluto on the 15 th, though you should have little difficulty making the necessary repairs and turning adversity to your advantage by the 24 th.

General Inquirer: Desktop Files Data Output Files

General Inquirer: Saving Output in Excel form

General Inquirer: Saving Output in Excel Form – Yes!

General Inquirer: Results wordcountPositivNegativStrongPowerWeakActivePassive T&C AQUARIUS s MC AQUARIUS s T&C ARIES s MC ARIES s T&C CANCER s MC CANCER s T&C CAPRICORN s MC CAPRICORN s T&C GEMINI s MC GENINI s T&C LEO s MC LEO s