High Sensitivity External Leak Detection for Liquid Fuel Pipelines David Parman P.Eng. Ken McCoy

2 Pipeline Leak Detection The Problem: How can we minimize environmental damage caused by small leaks in liquid fuel pipelines that go unnoticed for long periods? The Solution: High Sensitivity External Leak Detection (HSELD)

3 What is an HSELD system? A system that operates independently of the pipeline A system that directly detects leaked liquid using a continuously distributed, high sensitivity sensor A system that monitors its own integrity and checks for leaks on a 24/7 basis A system that compliments existing flow based leak detection to minimize your leak risk exposure

4 Periodic inspection and testing Periodic tightness testing Right of way over- flights / Line Patrol Smart pigs Public discovery = Environmental Protection Risk At RISK !

5 SCADA (Flow Based) Leak Detection Response time is faster for higher leak rates Greater leak sensitivity leads to more risk of false alarms End User experience indicates good performance only down to about 1~2% of flow

6 Spill size increases for slower leaks At RISK !

7 Combining SCADA with periodic testing helps but… HSELD SCADA 7 days 30 days 60 days Periodic Inspections Environmental Protection Gap

8 At Risk area is substantially reduced by HSELD

9 External Direct Measurement Installed into PVC well screen pipe High Sensitivity sensor cable Positioned alongside the pipeline

10 How it works Animation based on 10 liter/hour leak rate (0.001% of flow), 66% solids Time (hours) Detection at 21 hours 21

11 Field demonstration Tests demonstrate TT5000 detects milliliters of fuel floating on water.

12 Test results Sample 1 Water Only Sample 2 Direct Fuel Sample 3 Sensor in sand Sample 4 Sensor in PVC Sample 5 Surface Test Sample 6 Water/Fuel Mix Test Start Time11:1512:0712:12 12:5813:59 Start Temperature15.5C 15 C Alarm TimeNO ALARM By 18:30 13:1313:2413:3514:1615:15 Ending Temperature15 C ` 15 C Elapsed Time 7:151:061:121:23 1:18 1:16 Total Fuel Used1 liter H 2 01 liter Jet A8 liters Jet A 10 cl Jet A poured into standing water puddle Bucket packed with sand, 1 liter of Jet A at the bottom, water added to saturation Fuel Rate: Amount / Interval All at onceAll at Once1 liter/ 10 min All at onceAll at Once Alarm Panel Leak Location N/A1 m9 m N/A1 m Measured Distance to Leak N/A1 m9 m N/A1 m

13 Wilcox test details

14 Project Design Considerations Trench style / construction Soil type Ground water conditions Degree of environmental protection required

15 Trench Type

16 Ground water considerations

17 Alongside buried single wall pipelines Around buried valves Under above ground storage tanks On airport hydrant fueling systems Anywhere you need to reduce risk in High Consequence Areas Where can you use HSELD systems?

18 AST Applications Typical plan view

19 Buried Valves and Manifolds

20 Cross Country Pipelines

21 Pipeline Project Installation

22 Installation layout for pipeline External Modbus Link to SCADA Circuit 1Circuit 2Circuit 3Circuit 4Circuit 5 Circuit VAC

23 Airport Hydrant Fueling Systems

24 Installation layout for airport hydrant fueling system

25 Regulatory Considerations Current regulations do not typically mandate leak detection to the level of HSELD protection API 1160 recognizes HSELD Some environmental agencies have formally recognized HSELD system Public N.I.M.B.Y. campaigns are resulting in greater efforts by operators to exceed regulatory requirements

26 Florida State Approval “…TraceTek TT5000 leak detection system for single-walled underground bulk product piping will provide environmental protection substantially equivalent to that provided by compliance with the requirements established in Rules…”

27 Third Party Validation Third party testing of TT5000 “direct bury” system by Ken Wilcox Associates demonstrates that TraceTek works in single wall pipeline applications with Jet Fuel. “In conclusion it must be noted that proper installation and positioning of the sensor, taking into account the local site conditions, is critical to reliable detection of leaks.”

28 Summary …fills the gap between SCADA and periodic testing …Provides 24/7 environmental and system integrity monitoring …Reduces emergency response time by pinpointing leak location …Has been tested, proven and accepted by environmental authorities …Substantially reduces operator risk in high consequence areas TraceTek High Sensitivity External Leak Detection…