Preventing Water Leakage through Construction Joints in RCC Water Contact Structures

PREFORMED COMPRESSIBLE WATERSTOPS

Overhead Water Tank Sources of Water Leakage Construction Joints

Sump Tank, Swimming Pool, Sewage Treatment Plants……… Sump Tank, Swimming Pool, Sewage Treatment Plants……….. Sources of Water Leakage Horizontal Construction Joint Inclined Construction Joint Construction Joints Construction Joints

Vertical Construction Joint in Final Roof Slabs which cannot be cast in one go Water may Leak through the joint shown by dotted line Construction Joint

Vertical Construction joint in Basement Sources of Water Leakage

Basement Construction Joints Sources of Water Leakage Wall Floor Joint and all around columns

Construction Joints are present in….. Overhead Water Tanks Swimming Pools Basements Underground Reservoirs Water Treatment Plants Sewage Treatment Plants

Typical Construction Joint for Basement Vertically Held Vibrator unable to consolidate concrete here hence Construction Joint gap Water enters here

The Nagging Problem Leakage of water through the improperly executed Construction Joint

Swimming Pool Leakage from bottom joint This is a movie file Swimming Pool Leakage from bottom joint This is a movie file. Please wait a few seconds. It will play automatically.

Basement Leakage Please observe leakage around column base when ground water table rises This is a movie file. Please wait a few seconds. It will play automatically.

Stopping Water Leaks Engineers have tried various methods to solve this problem - during Concreting - after Concreting

Painting with Epoxy Painting with epoxy bonding agent Question: How can a gap get filled with a coat of epoxy ? Debonding is not the problem, existence of a gap is the problem Hence Unsuccessful method

PVC Waterbar sketch

The next slide is a 20 second movie slide The next slide is a 20 second movie slide. Kindly wait a few seconds for it to start playing. Please go to the next slide only after concrete pours onto the PVC water bar. It shows problems that a PVC waterbar can create and after that, contrasts it with a preformed waterstop. Thank you.

PVC Waterbar

PVC Waterbar Problems 1 Half of it has to be inserted during concreting Generally difficult to insert due to obstruction by rebar Folds over during next lift of concreting and forms a tunnel in which water can leak Never bonds with concrete

PVC Waterbar Problems 2 End to end should be spliced with PVC Welding equipment which is generally not available at site Different sizes of strips have to be maintained to resist different heads of water. Chances of mix-up are very high

After Concreting Grouting into Construction Joints Generally unsuccessful Expensive, tedious, time consuming

The Right Approach SYNKOFLEX Compressible Flexible Waterstop

SYNKOFLEX Compressible Flexible Waterstop

SYNKOFLEX Compressible Waterstop

Waterstop Application

A Simple Solution This is a movie file. Please wait a few seconds A Simple Solution This is a movie file. Please wait a few seconds. It will play automatically.

The next slide is a 15 second movie slide The next slide is a 15 second movie slide. Kindly wait a few seconds for it to start playing. Please note how concrete flows all around the Synkoflex and seals the joint with Synkoflex acting like a gasket. Such a compressed seal will never fail.

Laying Synkoflex cross sectional view

How to use - 1

How to use – 2

How to use - 3

Application of SYNKOFLEX Waterstop in Basement Construction Joints a) Wrap Synkoflex around column base. b) Also stick to wall along the perimeter of basement FOOTINGS RAFT SLAB RETAINING WALL

Application of SYNKOFLEX Waterstop in Final Roof Joint After first phase of concrete pour, stick Synkoflex as shown and then continue with the second pour to get a 100 percent leak free joint WATERSTOP

Vertical joints – Nail the Synkoflex This is a movie file Vertical joints – Nail the Synkoflex This is a movie file. Please wait a few seconds. It will play automatically.

Pipe Joints This is a movie file. Please wait a few seconds Pipe Joints This is a movie file. Please wait a few seconds. It will play automatically.

Laying Synkoflex in basement joints This is a movie file Laying Synkoflex in basement joints This is a movie file. Please wait a few seconds. It will play automatically.

Synkoflex Single component, self sealing compound Packed between two self release wrappers Bonds to cured concrete Fuses with fresh concrete during hydration

Properties of Synkoflex - 1 Environmentally Safe Can be used for drinking water tanks Does not depend on chemical action, swelling, oxidizing for its action Flexibility of Synkoflex is forever

Properties of Synkoflex - 2 Never shrinks, cracks or dries out Inert to acids, alkalies and sewage Can be stored indefinitely Can be laid using unskilled labour Need not be laid when concrete is green

Effectiveness Designed to resist water head of 20 mtrs (65 feet) of water when placed in properly designed and compacted M 20 grade concrete Tests have confirmed that Synkoflex is effective upto 32 mtrs (105 ft) TRFI test confirms unequivocally for 20 mtrs water head

Effectiveness In extreme cases, can be used even under standing water

Used since 1968 in Tunnels Potable Water reservoirs Sewage Treatment Plants Fish Hatcheries Waste Water Treatment Plants Swimming Pools Water Tanks

Where else to use Joint between Old roof and new roof Joint between Column and Floor when new floor is being cast Basement Floor (Raft Slab) Horizontal Joint Basement Wall Vertical Joint

Where else to use Topmost roof cast in two pours Any joint between Old Concrete and new concrete provided thickness of concrete member is more than 150 mm Pipe intrusions in Basement Retaining Walls

Where not to use Expansion joints Tanks which store petroleum based liquids

Case Study – Reservoirs 200 reservoirs built by Govt. of Karnataka No construction joint is leaking

Case Study – Old,New RCC Landmark building in Karnataka Was required to abut new roof to old roof About 150 mtrs of Synkoflex used No leakage anywhere

Case Study – Swimming Pool Swimming Pool built on fifth floor roof by leading developer in Bangalore No leakage through construction joint

Case Study - Basement Leading Jeweller in Chennai Double basement Synkoflex used in joints Basement is bone dry

Synkoflex Packing Cross section 20 mm x 20 mm 1 mtr strips x 25 nos per box

The Low Cost of Success For a Water treatment plant measuring 8 mtr x 32 mtr x ht 6 mtr volume about 1.5 million ltrs of water Joint length assumed as about 200 mtrs depending on concreting scheme Cost of water tight joints is about Rs. 70,000 which is a negligible cost of the total project cost (Rs. 50 lakhs) 1.4 %

TESTS Successfully tested by CFTRI, Mysore for potable water safety Successfully tested by TRFI for resisting water head of 20 mtrs

Conclusion Compressible Waterstop enables a 100 percent watertight seal SYNKOFLEX Waterstop is a permanent solution to stop leakage through construction joints

THANK YOU