TOP 3 IN CSP By : Belén Gallego CSP Today www.csptoday.com

TOP 3 PT PROJECTS IN CONSTRUCTION Andasol 1 – ACS Cobra (USA, 2007) Godawari – Godawari Energy, HIRA Group (India, 2013) Shams1 – Shams Co, MASDAR (UAE, 2012)

TOP 3 OPERATIONAL PARABOLIC TROUGH PROJECTS Andasol 1 – ACS Cobra (Spain, 2007) 50MW PT project in Granada, Spain with 7.5 hours thermal storage. Lots of challenges, long commissioning period. PT evolution through construction

ANDASOL 1 TECHNICAL PROFILE Gross Capacity: 50.00 EPC: Cobra / SENER (Engineering) Net Capacity: 49.9 MWe EPC (notes): Cobra (80%) and Sener (20%) Back-up fuel: HTF Heater Utility (Off-taker) 1: Endesa Back-up fuel percentage: 12% Financing:  Heat Transfer Fluid (HTF): Synthetic Oil BNP Paribas, Sabadell Bank, WestLB , Dexia and €pean Investment Bank. Debt €240 million Debt financing Net Annual Production - Actual (GWh): 170 Solar Field Inlet Temperature (ºC): 293 EU Grant €5 million Solar Field Outlet Temperature (ºC): 393 The EIB provided a RSFF of €60 million Cooling: Wet Storage (Hours): 7.50 Developers: ANTIN/ Cobra/ RREEF Infrastructure Developers (Ownership Notes): Cobra (100%)

ANDASOL 1 TECHNICAL PROFILE (CONT) O&M Contractors: Cobra, Flagsol, Laitu Solar Receiver tubes supplier PT 1: Schott Receiver tubes model PT 1: Schott PTR 70 receiver Heat transfer fluid supplier (HTF): DOW Heat transfer fluid model (HTF): DOW DOWTHERM Receiver tubes supplier PT 2: Solel (acquired by Siemens in 2009) Turbine supplier: Siemens Solar collector frame supplier PT: Flagsol Turbine Model: Siemens SST-700 Solar collector frame model PT: Flagsol SKAL-ET Steam Generator Supplier: Lointek Storage medium: Molten Salt Suppliers - Information: SQM provided the NaNO3 for this project whilst the KNO3 was supplied by a competitor  Thermal storage supplier (medium): SQM Mirror supplier PT 1: Flabeg Mirror model PT 1: Flabeg RP- 3

TOP 3 OPERATIONAL PARABOLIC TROUGH PROJECTS Godawari – Godawari Power (Hira Group) (India, 2013) 50MW PT project in Rajasthan, India. First ever project in India finished on time (26 months after inception) and on budget

GODAWARI TECHNICAL PROFILE Gross Capacity: 50.00 MWe Turbine supplier: Siemens Net Capacity: 50.0 MWe Turbine Model: Siemens SST-700 Back-up fuel: None Steam Generator Supplier: Aalborg Heat Transfer Fluid (HTF): Synthetic Oil Mirror supplier PT 1: Flabeg Net Annual Production - Expected (GWh): 120 Mirror model PT 1: Flabeg RP- 3 Receiver tubes supplier PT 1: SCHOTT Solar Field Inlet Temperature (ºC): 293 Receiver tubes model PT 1: Schott PTR 70 receiver Solar Field Outlet Temperature (ºC): 390 Cooling: Wet Solar collector frame supplier PT: SBP Due Dilligence Contractors: Fitchner - Owners Engineers Contractor Solar collector frame model PT: SBPET-150 Heat transfer fluid supplier (HTF): DOW Heat transfer fluid model (HTF): DOW DOWTHERM

Godawari Plant (India)

Godawari Plant (India)

Godawari Plant (India)

Godawari Plant (India)

Godawari Plant (India)

TOP 3 OPERATIONAL PARABOLIC TROUGH PROJECTS Shams 1 – Shams Co, MASDAR (UAE, 2012) 100MW PT project in Abu Dhabi, UAE. Biggest CSP operational project to date. Dry cooling, high back up fuel usage. Helped set up MASDAR in the developer seat (Pre-selected for Morocco)

SHAMS 1 TECHNICAL PROFILE Gross Capacity: 100.00 MWe Utility (Off-taker) 1: ADWEC Back-up fuel: Dual: Natural Gas or Diesel CAPEX (millions): 600 US$ Back-up fuel percentage: 4% Financing: BNP Paribas, KfW, Mizuho, National Bank of Abu Dhabi, Natixis, SociétéGénérale, Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation, The Bank of Toyko-Mitsubishi, Union National Bank and WestLB. $600 million Debt Financing. Masdar (60%) together with Total Abengoa Solar Emirates Investment Company (40%) formed a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) called the Shams Power Company. The SPV holds the equity of the project (20%), while the remaining share (80%) is bank financed. Heat Transfer Fluid (HTF): Synthetic Oil Net Annual Production - Expected (GWh): 210 Solar Field Inlet Temperature (ºC): 302 Solar Field Outlet Temperature (ºC): 393 Cooling: Dry Developers: Abengoa, Masdar, Total Developers (Ownership Notes): Shams Power Company is owned by Masdar (60%), Abengoa (20%) and Total (20%) EPC: Abener. Teyma

SHAMS 1 TECHNICAL PROFILE (CONT) O&M Contractors: Abener O&M, SINI Receiver tubes model PT 1: Schott PTR 70 receiver Heat transfer fluid supplier (HTF): SOLUTIA Solar collector frame supplier PT: Abengoa Solar Heat transfer fluid model (HTF): SOLUTIA THERMINOL Solar collector frame model PT: Abengoa Solar ASTRO Turbine supplier: MAN Steam Generator Supplier: Foster Wheeler Suppliers - Information: Suppliers (Air cooled condenser): GEA Power Cooling Mirror supplier PT 1: Flabeg Safety valves supplied by Leser Mirror model PT 1: Flabeg RP- 3 Receiver tubes supplier PT 1: SCHOTT

Shams 1

TOP 3 PT PROJECTS IN CONSTRUCTION Solana – Abengoa (USA, 2013) Noor I – aka Ouarzazate - ACWA (Morocco, 2015) Gujarat Solar 1 – Cargo (India, 2014)

TOP 3 PT PROJECTS IN CONSTRUCTION Solana – Abengoa (USA, 2013) 280MW PT project in Arizona, USA with 7 hours thermal storage. Largest plant in the world once commissioned. This plant has been a challenge at all levels

SOLANA TECHNICAL PROFILE Gross Capacity: 280.00 MWe O&M Contractors: Abener O&M Heat Transfer Fluid (HTF): Synthetic Oil Heat transfer fluid supplier (HTF): SOLUTIA Solar Field Outlet Temperature (ºC): 371 Cooling: Wet Heat transfer fluid model (HTF): SOLUTIA THERMINOL Storage (Hours): 6.00 Developers: Abengoa Steam Generator Supplier: Foster Wheeler EPC: Abener - Teyma Utility (Off-taker) 1: Arizona Public Service Co Steam Generator Model: Foster Wheeler Steam Generator Incentive 1: US Loan Guarantee Thermal storage supplier (medium): SQM Incentive 1 details: $1.45 Billion Mirror supplier PT 1: Rioglass CAPEX (millions): 2000 US$ Suppliers - Information: Safety valves supplied by Lese Financing: Capital Riesgo Global (A Subsidiary of Banco Santander $125 million)

TOP 3 PT PROJECTS IN CONSTRUCTION Noor I – aka Ouarzazate – ACWA (Morocco, 2015) 160MW PT Project in Ouarzazate, Morocco. Lowest PPA amount to date (€0.15 KW/h). First bid won by ACWA.

NOOR I – aka OUARZAZATE TECHNICAL PROFILE Gross Capacity: 160.00 MWe Financing: €1042.32 million financing was raised for all phases of the Ourzazate project, which is 500 MW in total. Net Annual Production - Expected (GWh): 550 Storage (Hours): 3.00 AfDB €168 million (Debt Financing); CTF/AfDB €70.12 million (Debt Financing); World Bank € 140.25 million (Debt Financing); CTF/World Bank €68.02 million (Debt Financing); EIB: 100 (Debt Financing); L'Agence Française de Développement (AFD) € 100 million (Debt Financing); KFW € 100 million (Debt financing); NIF € 30.15 million (Grant); MASEN/FDE/SPC contribution €265.28 million Developers: Acciona, ACWA, Aries, Sener, TSK EPC: TSK Utility (Off-taker) 1: MASEN PPA Notes:PPA to the value of 1 Billion USD for a period of 25 years. The tariff submitted by ACWA 28.8% lower than that of the second bidder. The PPA is valued at 1.62 Dirhams per kWh/ 0.19 USD per kWh / EUR 0.15 per kWh CAPEX (millions): €1042.32

TOP 3 PT PROJECTS IN CONSTRUCTION Gujarat Solar 1 – Cargo Power (India, 2014) 28MW PT project in Gujarat, India with 9 hours thermal storage. High level of localization and first time a CSP plant with thermal storage is built in India

GUJARAT SOLAR 1 TECHNICAL PROFILE Gross Capacity: 28.00 MWe Developers: Cargo Power and Infrastructure Net Capacity: 25.00 MWe Back-up fuel: None Developers (Ownership Notes): Cargo Solar Power Gujarat Pvt Ltd is owned by Cargo Power and Infrastructure (100%) Heat Transfer Fluid (HTF): Synthetic Oil Net Annual Production - Expected (GWh): 130 EPC: LAUREN CCL Net Annual Production - Actual (GWh): 130 EPC (notes):  Lauren is the EPCM Utility (Off-taker) 1:  Gujarat Urja Vikas Nigam Ltd (GUVNL Solar Field Inlet Temperature (ºC): 265 Solar Field Outlet Temperature (ºC): 393 CAPEX (millions): 881.5 INR Cooling: Wet Financing: 70% from Banks Storage (Hours): 9.00 Due Dilligence Contractors: S2M Storage temperature (Celsius): 393.00

GUJARAT SOLAR 1 TECHNICAL PROFILE (CONT) O&M Contractors: LAUREN CCL - EPCM Mirror supplier PT 1: Flabeg O&M Contract Length: 2 -years from Final performance Test of Plant. Mirror model PT 1: Flabeg RP- 3 Receiver tubes supplier PT 1: SCHOTT Heat transfer fluid supplier (HTF): Lanxess Receiver tubes model PT 1: Schott PTR 70 receiver Heat transfer fluid model (HTF): Lanxess Di-Phyl Solar collector frame supplier PT: Ashoka Machine Turbine supplier: GE Turbine Model: GEHTM-012Z04T Solar collector frame model PT: Ashoka Machine ET-150 Steam Generator Supplier: Aalborg Steam Generator Model: Aalborg 25 Mwe

TOP 3 TOWER PROJECTS Ivanpah SEGS – BrightSource Energy (USA, 2013) Crescent Dunes – SolarReserve (USA, 2014) Gemasolar – Torresol (Spain, 2011)

TOP 3 TOWER PROJECTS Ivanpah SEGS – BrightSource Energy (USA, 2013) 393MWe tower development (3 towers). It will be the largest CSP tower complex in the world for years to come. Dry cooling. Plenty of environmental and project development challenges.

IVANPAH SEGS TECHNICAL PROFILE Gross Capacity: 393MWe Utility (Off-taker) 2: Southern California Edison Back-up fuel: Natural Gas Incentive 1: US Loan Guarantee Heat Transfer Fluid (HTF): Water Incentive 1 details: US $ 1600 million. Total amount split between Ivanpah SEGS 1,2 and 3 Net Annual Production - Expected (GWh): 346 Solar Field Inlet Temperature (ºC): 249 Solar Field Outlet Temperature (ºC): 565 O&M Contractors: BrightSource Energy, NRG Cooling: Dry Developers: BrightSource Energy, Google, NRG Turbine supplier: Siemens Turbine Model: Siemens SST-900 Developers (Ownership Notes): Solar Partners LLC is owned by Brightsource Energy, Google and NRG Steam Generator Supplier: Riley Power Heliostats supplier T 1 : Guardian Heliostats model T 1: Guardian’s EcoGuard Float EPC: Bechtel Corporation Utility (Off-taker) 1: Pacific Gas & Electric Receiver Manufacturer T: Riley Power Utility 1 PPA Date: 01/01/2010

TOP 3 TOWER PROJECTS Crescent Dunes – aka Tonopah – SolarReserve (USA, 2014) 110MW molten salt tower plant with 11 hours of storage at full capacity. Hybrid cooling.

CRESCENT DUNES TECHNICAL PROFILE Gross Capacity: 110.00 MWe Utility (Off-taker) 1: NV Energy Back-up fuel: None PPA Notes: 25-year power purchase agreement with NV Energy to sell 100% of the electricity generated Heat Transfer Fluid (HTF): Molten Salt Net Annual Production - Expected (GWh): 500 Incentive 1: US Loan Guarantee Solar Field Inlet Temperature (ºC): 288 Incentive 1 details: US$ 737 million Solar Field Outlet Temperature (ºC): 566 CAPEX (millions): US $983 Cooling: Hybrid: Wet/Dry Financing: Santander, ACS, SolarReserve Storage (Hours): 11.00 O&M Contractors: PIC Marubeni Group Developers: Cobra, Santander, SolarReserve Turbine supplier: Alstom Steam Generator Supplier: Lointek Developers (Ownership Notes): Tonopah Solar Energy LLC. Owned by: SolarReserve; Cobra (35%); Santander. Heliostats supplier T 1 : Flabeg – changed to Rioglass after Flabeg´s bankruptcy Receiver Manufacturer T: Pratt Whitney EPC: Cobra Engineering: IDOM

Crescent Dunes

Crescent Dunes

Crescent Dunes

TOP 3 TOWER PROJECTS Gemasolar – Torresol (Spain, 2011) 19.9MW molten salt tower with 15 hours of thermal storage. Operating 24 hours a day 7 days a week during the summer at full capacity.

GEMASOLAR TECHNICAL PROFILE Gross Capacity: 20.00 MWe EPC: Cobra, Sener Net Capacity: 19.9 MWe EPC (notes): UTE C.T. Solar Tres: Sener, Cobra Back-up fuel: Natural Gas Back-up fuel percentage: 15% CAPEX (millions): €230 Heat Transfer Fluid (HTF): Molten Salt Financing: EIB €110 million (Debt) Banco Popular,Banesto and Instituto de Crédito Oficial €81 million (Debt) EC €5 million (Grant) Net Annual Production - Actual (GWh): 100 Solar Field Inlet Temperature (ºC): 290 Solar Field Outlet Temperature (ºC): 565 O&M Contractors: Torresol Energy, SINI, SMIT Cooling: Wet Storage (Hours): 15.00 Turbine supplier: Siemens Storage temperature (Celsius): 600.00 Turbine Model: Siemens SST-600 Developers: Masdar, Sener, Torresol Energy Steam Generator Supplier: Foster Wheeler Developers (Ownership Notes): Torresol Energy is owned by Masdar (40%) and Sener (60%) Storage medium: Molten Salt Heliostats, Receivers and Structures: Sener

TOP 3 NON ELECTRICITY CSP PROJECTS BrightSource Chevron EOR Project (USA) El Tesoro (Chile) Petroleum Development OMAN EOR (Oman)

BRIGHTSOURCE CHEVRON TECHNICAL PROFILE Gross Capacity: 29.00 MWth Technology: Tower Application: Enhanced Oil Recovery Back-up fuel: None Heat Transfer Fluid (HTF): Water Cooling: Dry Country: USA State/Region: Coalinga, California Developers: BrightSource Energy Developers (Ownership Notes): Chevron (100%) O&M Contractors: BrightSource Energy, Chevron

EL TESORO TECHNICAL PROFILE Gross Capacity: 14.00 MWth Technology: Parabolic Trough Application: Steam Generation Back-up fuel: None Heat Transfer Fluid (HTF): Water Cooling: Wet Country: Chile State/Region:Atacama Desert Developers: Abengoa Developers (Ownership Notes): Antofagasta Minerals (100%) CAPEX (millions): US$12

PETROLEUM DEVELOPMENT OMAN EOR TECHNICAL PROFILE Gross Capacity: 7.00 MWth Technology: Parabolic Trough Application: Steam Generation Country: Oman Additional Info: Steam production: 11 tons of steam per hour injected into the existing steam distribution network GlassPoint’s Single Transit Trough technology has been designed to enclose lightweight reflective mirrors inside a glasshouse structure to protect the system from dirt, dust, sand and humidity. The company says its solution can reduce the amount of natural gas used for EOR by up to 80%.

TOP 4 COMMERCIAL INNOVATION PROJECTS Tooele Army Depot (USA) INFINIA: 429 units of dish tech totally 1.5MWe Archimide (Italy) ENEL: 5MWe PT using molten salt as a HTF Central Borges (Spain) ABANTIA: 22.5MWe CSP - Biomass – hybrid plant Reliance (India) RELIANCE, AREVA: 2 x 125 MWe fresnel plant

TOP 3 R+D INNOVATIVE CSP PROJECTS DoE Sunshot Program – AREVA (USA) Molten Salt as HTF and storage in fresnel tech DoE Sunshot Program (USA) Super Critical CO2 as HTF Variable Geometry Heliostat Field (Spain) CTAER: 1MWe variable geometry solar field tower prototype

TOP 3 VISIONARY PROJECTS TUNUR Project (Tunisia) 2GW of Tower Development (Nur Energy) Sahara Forest Project (Qatar) Using CSP to create a greenhouse ecosystem to generate locl agriculture opportunities in Qatar Devish Project (Turkey) GE hybrid REW project including wind, PV and CSP in the same development for dispatchability

TOP 4 CSP NEWCOMERS TO WATCH Wilson Solar Power (USA) Water free, tower modular technology, dispatchable Airlight Energy (Germany) Pneumatic mirror system, concrete structure, 600ºC (air as HTF) Brenmiller Energy (Israel) Self- contained “Bcell” with power block plug and play, small scales, 24/7 with fossil back up Hitite Energy (Turkey) Stationary PT with direct Steam generation (compatible with CO2 as well) Higher temperatures

TOP 4 THERMAL THERMAL STORAGE COs to WATCH Halotechnics (USA) Deep Eutectic Salt Formulations Suitable as Advanced Heat Transfer Fluid Terrafore (USA) Heat Transfer and Latent Heat Storage in Inorganic Molten Salts (Phase Change Materials - PCM) Nest Energy (USA) Heatcrete, great temperature range General Atomics (USA) Thermochemical Heat Storage for CSP Based on Multivalent Metal Oxides

TOP 3 CSP TRENDS TO WATCH Smaller Scales, modular projects Hybridization for dispatchability and CAPEX reduction R+D Higher Temperatures and new HTF (air, CO2, steam, etc)

THANK YOU for your attention Questions? email me! Belén Gallego belen@csptoday.com Tel: +44 2073757 555