11.3 Notes

I. Waging Total War  Total War  Channeling a nation’s entire resources into the war effort  Nation’s took greater control of economy and people’s lives  Rationing  Conscription aka Draft

II. Germany Fights on the Sea  German u-boats patrol European coast to prevent supplies and troop movement  Unrestricted Submarine Warfare  Sinking of ships without warning

German U-Boat

U-Boat Warfare

III. Lusitania  May 1915  U-boat sinks British ship Lusitania  Carrying U.S. passengers & weapons  Germany ceases unrestricted submarine warfare after U.S. threats

IV. Propaganda Warfare  Propaganda is the spreading of ideas to promote a cause or damage an opposing cause  Help motivate people to join military  Gets people to loan money  Describe German atrocities  Keep up moral

V. Russian Revolution  Staggering losses crush morale  March 1917  Lenin leads overthrow of Tsar  Treaty of Brest-Litovsk ends Russian participation in World War I

VI. U.S. Declares War – April 1917  U.S. opposed Germany’s unrestricted submarine warfare  Americans split over which side to back  Cultural ties to allies  German & Irish Americans favored Central Powers  Zimmermann Letter  Intercepted letter from Germany to Mexico asking Mexico for support against U.S. in return for German aid in retaking land lost in Mexican-American War

VII. The War Ends  German government dissolves  Nationalism tears Austria- Hungary apart  November 11, 1918  German government seeks armistice to end World War I